Isenhart v. Vasiliou
Annotate this Case
January 1992 Term
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No. 20900
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RUSSELL D. ISENHART,
Appellant Below, Appellee
v.
G. M. VASILIOU, DIRECTOR,
SAFETY AND ENFORCEMENT DIVISION,
DEPARTMENT OF MOTOR VEHICLES,
Appellee Below, Appellant
___________________________________________________________
Appeal from the Circuit Court of Randolph County
Honorable Jack R. Nuzum, Judge
Civil Action No. 91C-166
REVERSED
___________________________________________________________
Submitted: April 29, 1992
Filed: June 25, 1992
George R. Triplett, Esq.
Elkins, West Virginia
Attorney for the Appellee
Mario J. Palumbo, Esq.
Attorney General
Andrew F. Tarr, Esq.
Assistant Attorney General
Teresa A. Tarr, Esq.
Assistant Attorney General
Assisted on Brief
Charleston, West Virginia
Attorneys for the Appellant
The Opinion of the Court was delivered PER CURIAM.
SYLLABUS BY THE COURT
"A writ of mandamus will not issue unless three elements
coexist--(1) a clear legal right in the petitioner to the relief
sought; (2) a legal duty on the part of the respondent to do the
thing which the petitioner seeks to compel; and (3) the absence of
another adequate remedy." Syllabus point 2, State ex rel. Kucera
v. City of Wheeling, 153 W. Va. 538, 170 S.E.2d 367 (1969).
Per Curiam:
The West Virginia Department of Motor Vehicles appeals
the order of the Circuit Court of the Randolph County requiring the
Department to grant Russell D. Isenhart an administrative hearing
concerning a 1982 license revocation. Mr. Isenhart contends that
in the 1982 incident he was not driving the truck and because of a
misunderstanding of the hearing procedures he was not granted a
hearing. Because Mr. Isenhart failed to request an administrative
hearing within 10 days after the Department's revocation order, we
find that the Department should not be required to grant Mr.
Isenhart an administrative hearing and, therefore, we reverse the
circuit court.
Mr. Isenhart was arrested in Randolph County on September 18, 1982 for driving under the influence of alcohol in violation of W. Va. Code, 17C-5-2(d).See footnote 1 After the Department received the Statement of the Arresting Officer, the Department on October 1, 1982, suspended Mr. Isenhart's license for six (6) months. The order included notice of a right to request an administrative hearing in which to challenge the Department's
action within 10 days after receipt of the notice.See footnote 2 The Department
sent, by certified mail, the order to Mr. Isenhart, General
Delivery, Beverly, West Virginia, 26253, the address listed for Mr.
Isenhart in the Department's files.See footnote 3 The U. S. Postal Service
stamped the envelop "RETURN TO SENDER, UNCLAIMED" and returned the
order to the Department. The record also indicates that in January
1983, a State Trooper was unable to locate Mr. Isenhart in order to
serve the suspension order.
In August 1985, the Department again notified Mr. Isenhart that his license had been suspended by the October 1, 1982 order.See footnote 4 The Department's letter said that before Mr. Isenhart's driving privileges could be restored he had to (1) surrender his
license for the revocation period, (2) complete successfully a
Safety and Treatment Program, and (3) pay a reinstatement fee ($15)
and a penalty fee ($15).
Mr. Isenhart and the Department corresponded several
times in 1985-86; however, during the correspondence Mr. Isenhart
never requested an administrative hearing and, finally he said that
he would follow the reinstatement procedure.See footnote 5
On October 8, 1990, Mr. Isenhart again was arrested for DUI. After the Department received the Statement of the Arresting Office, the Department issued an order revoking Mr. Isenhart's license for ten years, with eligibility for reinstatement in five years. The ten year revocation was based on both the 1990 and the 1982 DUI violations. Thereafter, Mr. Isenhart orally sought an
administrative hearing on the 1982 violation, that was orally
denied by the Department.
After the Department's denial of a hearing, Mr. Isenhart
petitioned the Circuit Court of Randolph County to grant him a writ
of mandamus and a writ coram nobis to require the Department to
hold an administrative hearing on the 1982 violation. The circuit
court, noting newly discovered evidence that Mr. Isenhart was a
passenger rather than the driver in the 1982 incident, ordered the
Department to hold an administrative hearing on the 1982
suspension.
I
W. Va. Code, 17A-2-19 [1951] requires that the Department give notice of an administrative hearing by mailing the notice "to such person at his address as shown by the records of the Department." This Code section also provides that the "giving of notice by mail is complete upon the expiration of four days after
such deposit of said notice."See footnote 6 In Syllabus, Carney v. Sidiropolis,
183 W. Va. 194, 394 S.E.2d 889 (1990), we said:
"When a statute is clear and unambiguous and
the legislative intent is plain, it is the
duty of the courts to apply the statute in
accordance with the legislative intent therein
clearly expressed." Syllabus point 7, State
v. Bragg, 152 W. Va. 372, 163 S.E.2d 685
(1968).
In Shell v. Bechtold, 175 W. Va. 792, 338 S.E.2d 393
(1985), this Court found that the purpose of the license revocation
laws in West Virginia is to protect the innocent public from
irresponsible drunkards.
In 1982, the Department fulfilled its obligation by mailing the notice of a hearing. Mr. Isenhart's failure to claim
the order from the post office does not impose any additional
obligation on the Department. See State ex rel. Dept. of Motor
Vehicles v. Sanders, 184 W. Va. 55, 59, 399 S.E.2d 455, 459
(1990)("the burden is on the licensee to notify the Department of
Motor Vehicles of a change of address"); State ex rel. Mason v.
Roberts, 173 W. Va. 506, 509, 318 S.E.2d 450, 453 (1984) ("the DMV
has no obligation to track him down").
When the Department receives a statement from the
arresting officer showing a person drove a motor vehicle while
under the influence of alcohol, the Department is required to enter
an order revoking his driver's license. The Department must send
a copy of the order to that person by mail "addressed to such
person at his address as shown by the records of the department."
W. Va. Code, 17A-2-19 [1951]. In the present case, the Department
followed these procedures. If the person whose license has been
revoked files a written request within ten days after receiving the
revocation order, then he has a right to a hearing. If the
Department confirms the revocation after the hearing, the person is
entitled to judicial review of that decision. W. Va. Code, 17C-5A-2m [1986]. These administrative procedures comport with
constitutional due process standards. See, Syllabus Point 3,
Jordan v. Roberts, 161 W. Va. 750, 246 S.E.2d 259 (1978).
In the present case, Mr. Isenhart urges us to examine the 1982 DUI based on "newly discovered evidence," consisting of
affidavits given in 1991 by the other persons involved in the
incident. These affidavits state that Mr. Isenhart was a passenger
in and not the driver of the vehicle. However, the arresting
officer's report dated September 29, 1982 said, "[t]he accused
Isenhart got out of the vehicle first on the driver's side . . . ."
Although an administrative hearing would have been the proper forum
to resolve this factual dispute, Mr. Isenhart waived his right to
the hearing in 1982 (order and notice unclaimed) and in 1985
(agreed to reinstatement procedures). Only after Mr. Isenhart was
again arrested for DUI and had a ten year license revocation, did
he request a hearing on the 1982 incident.See footnote 7
In Syllabus Point 2, State ex rel. Kucera v. City of
Wheeling, 153 W. Va. 538, 170 S.E.2d 367 (1969), we said:
A writ of mandamus will not issue unless
three elements coexist--(1) a clear legal
right in the petitioner to the relief sought;
(2) a legal duty on the part of the respondent
to do the thing which the petitioner seeks to
compel; and (3) the absence of another
adequate remedy.
In accord Syllabus, Mason supra.
None of the elements exists in the present case for a
writ of mandamus.See footnote 8 In 1991, Mr. Isenhart had no clear legal right
to an administrative hearing on the 1982 incident. The Department
had no legal duty to grant a hearing nine years after the incident
and, in 1982, Mr. Isenhart had another adequate remedy in the form
of an administrative hearing. Therefore, we hold that the circuit
court erred in requiring the Department to hold an administrative
hearing on the 1982 incident.
For the above stated reasons, the decision of the Circuit
Court of Randolph County is reversed.
Reversed.
Footnote: 1Mr. Isenhart was also charged with obstructing a police
officer after he physically resisted arrest. Eventually Mr.
Isenhart entered a plea agreement in which the State dismissed the
DUI charge and Mr. Isenhart plead nolo contendere to the charge of
interfering with a police office and paid a $100 fine plus court
costs.
Footnote: 2The notice provided, in pertinent part:
UPON your written request, the Commissioner of
Motor Vehicles will allow you an opportunity
to an administrative hearing. Such written
request must be filed with the Commissioner in
person or by REGISTERED or CERTIFIED MAIL,
return receipt requested, within ten (10) days
after receipt of this NOTICE.
* * *
IF YOU DO NOT REQUEST A HEARING within ten
(10) days after receipt of this NOTICE, any
West Virginia license issued to you must be
returned to this office within the ten (10)
day period.
Footnote: 3The report of the arresting officer listed the same address
for Mr. Isenhart.
Footnote: 4In July 1985, Mr. Isenhart, whose license had expired,
reapplied for a driver's license and listed his address in
Belington, West Virginia.
Footnote: 5The following is a description of the correspondence. On
August 13, 1985, Mr. Isenhart wrote the Department that the
criminal charges against him for DUI had been dropped and that he
was not driving during the 1982 incident. On August 14, 1985, the
Department wrote Mr. Isenhart that the dismissal of the DUI
criminal charges had no bearing because his suspension was an
administrative action and that his license was suspended for a
minimum of 30 days as of August 1, 1985. On August 16, 1985, Mr.
Isenhart's lawyer wrote to the Department that Mr. Isenhart had
decided to complete the Safety and Treatment program and pay the
$30. The August 16, 1985 letter did not request a hearing but
expressed a lack of understanding of how a license could be
suspended without affording an administrative hearing. On August
20, 1985, the Department responded by saying that based on a review
of the record, the Department's action was proper. On September
11, 1985, the Department again wrote Mr. Isenhart indicating that
because Mr. Isenhart had not requested a hearing, the suspension of
his license was mandatory. After Mr. Isenhart completed the Safety
and Treatment program, on January 24, 1986, the Department notified
him of the fee requirement. On February 3, 1986, Mr. Isenhart's
driving privileges were reinstated.
Footnote: 6W. Va. Code, 17A-2-19 [1951] provides:
Whenever the department is authorized or required to give any notice under this chapter or other law regulating the operation of vehicles, unless a different method of giving such notice is otherwise expressly prescribed, such notice shall be given either by personal delivery thereof to the person to be so notified or by deposit in the United States mail of such notice in an envelope with postage prepaid, addressed to such person at his address as shown by the records of the department. The giving of notice by mail is complete upon the expiration of four days after such deposit of said notice. Proof of the giving of notice in either such manner may be made by the certificate of any officer or employee of the department or affidavit of any person over eighteen years of age, naming the person to whom such notice was given and specifying the time, place, and manner of the giving thereof. Footnote: 7W. Va. Code, 17C-5A-2(i) [1986] specifically provides that a driver's license shall be revoked for ten years "if the commissioner has previously suspended or revoked the person's license . . . ." Footnote: 8Mr. Isenhart also petitioned the circuit court for a writ coram nobis. However, Rule 60(b) of the West Virginia Rules of Civil Procedure states the "[w]rits of coram nobis . . . are abolished, and the procedure for obtaining any relief from a judgment shall be by motion as prescribed in these rules or by an independent action." Because license revocation procedures are civil in nature (Shumate v. Dept. of Motor Vehicles, 182 W. Va. 810, ___, 392 S.E. 701, 705 (1990); Shingleton v. City of Romney, 181 W. Va. 227, 382 S.E.2d 64 (1989)), a writ coram nobis cannot be used to attack any civil proceeding.
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