Bagelman's Best v Nationwide Mut Ins Co
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An unpublished opinion of the North Carolina Court of Appeals does not constitute controlling legal authority. Citation is disfavored, but may be permitted in accordance with the provisions of Rule 30(e)(3) of the North Carolina Rules of Appellate Procedure. NO. COA03-1413 NORTH CAROLINA COURT OF APPEALS Filed: 7 December 2004 BAGELMAN S BEST, INC., D/B/A BOULEVARD BAGEL; JOHN GRILLO, Individually, BOULEVARD BAGEL SHOP, INC., Plaintiffs, v. Pitt County No. 01 CVS 2307 NATIONWIDE MUTUAL INSURANCE COMPANY, Defendant. Appeal by plaintiffs from judgment entered 15 April 2003 by Judge Clifton W. Everett, Jr., in Pitt County Superior Court. Heard in the Court of Appeals 25 August 2004. Dixon Doub Conner & plaintiff-appellants. Foster, by Jeffrey B. Foster, for Wallace, Morris, Barwick, Landis, Braswell & Stroud, P.A., by Thomas H. Morris and Kimberly A. Connor, for defendantappellee. THORNBURG, Judge. Bagelman s Best, Inc., doing business under the trade name Boulevard Bagel, and Boulevard Bagel Shop, Inc., are both North Carolina corporations with their principal place of business in Greenville, North Carolina. John Grillo is the principal shareholder and owner of Bagelman s Best, Inc., and Boulevard Bagel Shop, Inc. (collectively plaintiffs ). During the relevant period -2of time, plaintiffs were covered by insurance policies, designated as Business Insurance, purchased from defendant. appeal from the trial court s summary judgment Plaintiffs in favor defendant as to all plaintiffs claims against defendant. of We affirm. This action arises from the closure of plaintiffs businesses for a period in September of 1999. Plaintiffs businesses were served and provided electrical power by the Greenville Utilities Commission ( GUC ). In September 1999, eastern North Carolina experienced several severe hurricanes. As a result of these hurricanes and related storms, the entire Pitt County region was subjected to rising flood waters. Due to the rising flood waters, GUC elected to cease power transmission from their main power distribution center. GUC made a public announcement that they would cease transmitting power to their customers. Plaintiffs were without electricity from 16 September 1999 to 21 September 1999. The businesses were forced to close during that period and suffered loss of business income and food spoilage. Plaintiffs made claims under their insurance policies for damages due to the loss of business income and food spoilage. Plaintiffs and defendant settled the spoilage claim but defendant denied coverage for the loss of business income claim. Following defendant s refusal to pay this claim, plaintiffs filed the instant action on 2 October 2001 against defendant claiming breach of contract, insurance malpractice and unfair and deceptive trade practices. Defendant moved for summary judgment on 10 February -32003. The trial court granted this motion in a judgment filed 15 April 2003. Pursuant appropriate Plaintiffs appeal. to N.C.R. when the interrogatories, and Civ. P. 56(c), pleadings, admissions on summary depositions, file, judgment is answers to together with the affidavits, if any, show that there is no genuine issue as to any material fact and that any party is entitled to a judgment as a matter of law. N.C. Gen. Stat. ยง 1A-1, Rule 56(c) (2003). A defendant moving for summary judgment bears the burden of showing that no triable issue of fact exists on the record before the court or that the plaintiff's claim is fatally flawed. Caldwell v. Deese, 288 N.C. 375, 378, 218 S.E.2d 379, 381 (1975). In deciding whether to grant or deny the motion, the trial court must draw all inferences of fact against the moving party and in favor of the party opposing summary judgment. Id. On appeal from a ruling by the trial court on a motion for summary judgment, the question for our determination is whether the court's conclusions of law were correct. Ellis v. Williams, 319 N.C. 413, 415, 355 S.E.2d 479, 481 (1987). Plaintiffs contend that the trial court erred in granting defendant s motion for summary judgment against plaintiffs because there was a genuine issue of material fact as to whether the insurance policy covered plaintiffs loss of business income. We disagree. The interpretation of language used in an insurance policy is a question of law, governed by well-established rules of -4construction. N.C. Farm Bureau Mut. Ins. Co. v. Mizell, 138 N.C. App. 530, 532, 530 S.E.2d 93, 95, disc. review denied, 352 N.C. 590, 544 S.E.2d 783 (2000). If an insurance policy is not ambiguous, then the court must enforce the policy as written and may not remake the policy under the guise of interpreting an ambiguous provision. Barnes v. Erie Ins. Exch., 156 N.C. App. 270, 275, 576 S.E.2d 681, 684 (quoting Nationwide Mutual Ins. Co. v. Mabe, 342 N.C. 482, 492, 467 S.E.2d 34, 40 (1996)), disc. review denied, 357 N.C. 457, 585 S.E.2d 382 (2003). It is also well established that: a contract of insurance should be given that construction which a reasonable person in the position of the insured would have understood it to mean and, if the language used in the policy is reasonably susceptible of different constructions, it must be given the construction most favorable to the insured, since the company prepared the policy and chose the language. Trujillo v. N.C. Grange Mut. Ins. Co., 149 N.C. App. 811, 813, 561 S.E.2d 590, 592 (quoting Grant v. Insurance Co., 295 N.C. 39, 43, 243 S.E.2d 894, 897 (1978)), disc. review denied, 356 N.C. 176, 569 S.E.2d 280 (2002). The issue before us is whether, as a matter of law, plaintiffs loss of business income is a recoverable loss under the insurance policies. Defendant refused to pay plaintiffs loss because defendant contends the event that precipitated the loss was not an accident as that term is defined in the policies. The relevant provision of the insurance policies is contained in the Systems Protector Endorsement. The endorsement provides: -5A. COVERAGE Subject to all the provisions of the Businessowners Property Coverage Form which do not conflict with any of the provisions of this endorsement, we will pay for: 1. direct damage to Covered property caused by a Covered Cause of Loss; and 2. your loss and expense resulting from the necessary interruption of business caused by a Covered Cause of Loss. A Covered Cause of Loss is defined as an accident. Coverage Extensions provision of the Systems The Protector Endorsement addresses the defendant s liability when there is an Off Premises Service Interruption. d. That provision states: Off Premises Service Interruption We will pay your loss and expense resulting from the necessary interruption of business caused by an accident to any equipment that is: (1) located on or within 500 feet of your premises; (2) owned by the building owner (if you are a tenant) or a public utility company; and (3) used to supply electrical power, heating, air conditioning, gas, water, steam or telephone services to your premises. The plaintiffs policies define an accident as the sudden and accidental breakdown of . . . any mechanical or electrical machine or apparatus used for the transmission or utilization of mechanical or electrical power. The triggering of the off premises service -6interruption provision would allow plaintiffs to recover lost business income and extra expenses for up to a 12-month period. Plaintiffs contend that an accident occurred, within the meaning of the policies, when GUC ceased transmitting electricity to plaintiffs businesses. cease transmitting breakdown . . . Plaintiffs argue that the decision to electricity of any was a mechanical or sudden and electrical accidental machine or apparatus used for the transmission or utilization of mechanical or electrical power and that, since the transmission lines were connected to plaintiffs businesses, the breakdown occurred within 500 feet of the premises. Plaintiffs contend that had GUC not decided to discontinue the transmission of electricity the flood waters would have breached the main electrical substation while it was transmitting electricity, causing extensive long-term damage to the transmission equipment, which clearly would be an accident under the insurance policy. Thus, the loss of power was inevitable and defendant should not be allowed to avoid coverage because GUC took preventive measures to mitigate the accident rather than allow a larger accident to occur. In construing the terms of an insurance policy, nontechnical words, not defined in the policy, are to be given the same meaning they usually receive requires otherwise. in ordinary speech, unless the context Grant v. Insurance Co., 295 N.C. 39, 42, 243 S.E.2d 894, 897 (1978). The word sudden is defined as happening or coming unexpectedly. ed. 1995). Webster s New World Dictionary 589 (2nd Plaintiffs admit that they were aware that GUC planned -7to cease transmitting electricity, because GUC made a public announcement to that effect before they actually stopped transmitting electricity. We cannot conclude that the cessation of the transmission of electricity happened unexpectedly. For this reason, we conclude that the cessation of the transmission of electricity policies. was not an accident as defined in the insurance Accordingly, the trial court properly entered summary judgment in favor of defendant. Affirmed. Judges GEER and LEVINSON concur. Report per Rule 30(e).
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