State v. Williams

276 S.E.2d 715 (1981)

STATE of North Carolina v. Bernard Leverne WILLIAMS.

No. 8014SC677.

Court of Appeals of North Carolina.

April 7, 1981.

*716 Atty. Gen. Rufus L. Edmisten by Associate Atty. Gen. Richard L. Kucharski and Tom Ziko, Raleigh, for State.

Loflin & Loflin by Thomas F. Loflin, III, Durham, for defendant-appellant.

BECTON, Judge.

In his appeal, defendant Williams makes thirteen (13) assignments of error. In his ninth assignment, he argues that the trial court erred in failing to instruct the jury on the lesser included offense of assault with intent to commit rape.

It is well established in North Carolina that:

When a defendant is indicted for a criminal offense he may be convicted of the charged offense or of a lesser included offense when the greater offense charged in the bill contains all the essential elements of the lesser offense, all of which could be proved by proof of the allegations of fact contained in the indictment.

State v. Riera, 276 N.C. 361, 368, 172 S.E.2d 535, 540 (1970); State v. Cloninger, 37 N.C.App. 22, 25, 245 S.E.2d 192, 194-95 (1978); G.S. 15-170. This Court and the North Carolina Supreme Court have held further that when there is some evidence to support the included offense, the defendant is entitled as a matter of law to have the jury instructed on the lesser offense. State v. Riera, supra; State v. Williams, 275 N.C. 77, 165 S.E.2d 481 (1969); State v. Jones, 36 N.C.App. 447, 244 S.E.2d 709 (1978). "The presence of such evidence is the determinative factor." State v. Hicks, 241 N.C. 156, 159, 84 S.E.2d 545, 547 (1954); State v. Williams, supra. If the defendant is entitled to an instruction on the lesser offense, based on the presence of such evidence, it is of no legal significance that defendant's counsel did not make a specific request for the instruction nor that the defendant was subsequently convicted of the greater offense. State v. Riera, supra; State v. Jones, supra.

*717 Second degree rape occurs when one unlawfully, wilfully, and feloniously ravishes and carnally knows a female by force and against her will. Actual penetration of the female sexual organ by the male sexual organ is an essential element of the offense. State v. Perry, 291 N.C. 586, 231 S.E.2d 262 (1977); State v. Cross, 284 N.C. 174, 200 S.E.2d 27 (1973). A defendant may also be convicted of second degree rape upon proof that he was present at the time of penetration and aided and abetted a co-defendant in the commission of the act. State v. Primus, 226 N.C. 671, 40 S.E.2d 113 (1946). Assault with intent to commit rape, however, has been held to be a lesser included offense of second degree rape, State v. Green, 246 N.C. 717, 719, 100 S.E.2d 52, 54 (1957), and is defined as an assault on a woman with the intent to gratify one's passion notwithstanding any resistance on her part. State v. Pearce, 296 N.C. 281, 293, 250 S.E.2d 640, 648-49 (1979).

In this case, defendant Williams contends that substantial evidence was presented at trial tending to show that he was not present at the time of penetration and therefore was entitled to an instruction on the lesser offense of assault with intent to commit rape. Based on the evidence in the record, this court agrees.

It is undisputed that Williams did not have sexual intercourse with the prosecutrix. Additionally, Williams and McRae both testified that shortly after entering and waking Ms. Adams, Williams left the room. Williams testified:

When I saw Gladys laying [sic] in the bed there, I shook her arm and woke her up. I said hihow are you doing. She did not make any response to me. I told her, you know, I was going to my girlfriend's room. I left and Mike and Gladys were the only people in the room as I left....

Co-defendant McRae testified:

Gladys was on the bed, and Bernard and I started caressing her legs. Then she woke up. Then Bernard left.... It was a matter of minutes after we entered the room before Bernard left. He left immediately after she awakened....

McRae then testified that the act of sexual intercourse with Ms. Adams took place after Williams left the room.

It is true that Ms. Adams testified that Williams was in the room during the time the rape took place and was present when Pattrina Tollison entered the room just after the rape occurred. Tollison, testifying for the State, however, contradicted Ms. Adams on direct and cross examination. Tollison said that when she entered the room, McRae and Ms. Adams were the only ones present. In light of the testimony tending to show that Williams was not present when intercourse took place and corroborated by one of the State's own witnesses, sufficient evidence was presented to support the submission of the lesser offense of assault with intent to commit rape to the jury.

The State argues that assault with intent to commit rape requires a showing that the defendant assaulted Ms. Adams with a desire to gratify his sexual passion notwithstanding any resistance she might make. The State points out that a key aspect of Williams' defense at trial was that if he did assault Ms. Adams, he desisted immediately upon realizing that she would resist his advances. Therefore, the State argues, Williams cannot now claim that he had the intent to commit a rape notwithstanding any resistance by Ms. Adams. Without evidence of this essential element of assault with intent to commit rape, the State contends that the defendant was not entitled to an instruction on the lesser offense.

The State, however, presented evidence at trial designed to establish that Williams in fact did have the requisite intent to commit rape notwithstanding any resistance by Ms. Adams. Evidence was elicited on examination by the district attorney suggesting that Williams and McRae went into the room in which Ms. Adams was sleeping to have sex with her based on a bet between the two of them. Further, Ms. Adams testified that Williams held her arms before McRae raped her. The record indicates *718 that Ms. Adams tried to get up ("I struggled to get my hands aloose and I tried to draw my legs together."); that McRae had to force her legs apart while Williams had her arms and hands "grabbed and cuffed together" over her head; and that she kept calling for Gloria Pate after McRae told her not to fight, not to holler, and not to call for Gloria.

On cross examination, McRae testified that he "removed her pants while Bernard [Williams] held her arms down. Bernard wanted to go first, but we decided I would go first." (Emphasis added.) Additionally, one of the investigating officers testified that McRae told him that: "Upon entering the room, they did close the door and cut the lights off and begin shaking her and removing her clothes." (Emphasis added.) Because jurors may believe all, or any part, or none of what a witness has said on the stand, this testimony constitutes some evidencedirect and inferentialthat Williams had the intent to commit rape notwithstanding any resistance on the part of Ms. Adams. This evidence of intent to commit rape notwithstanding any resistance on Ms. Adams' part, other evidence that Williams left at some point prior to carrying out his intent and evidence that Williams was not present when sexual intercourse occurred, is sufficient to support a finding by the jury that Williams was only guilty of assault with intent to commit rape. Therefore, Williams was entitled to have an instruction on the lesser offense.

We find no need to address defendant's other assignments of error because those alleged errors are not likely to reoccur in a second trial. The trial court failed to instruct the jury on the lesser included offense of assault with intent to commit rape, and as a result, the defendant is entitled to a

New Trial.

MORRIS, C. J., and VAUGHN, J., concur.