REED v. UNITED STATES, 479 U.S. 954 (1986)
U.S. Supreme Court
REED v. UNITED STATES , 479 U.S. 954 (1986)479 U.S. 954
John REED
v.
UNITED STATES
No. 86-5211
Supreme Court of the United States
November 10, 1986
On petition for writ of certiorari to the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit.
The petition for a writ of certiorari is denied.
Justice WHITE, dissenting.
In this case, the District Court permitted a thirteenth,
alternate juror to participate in the jury's deliberations, a
procedure to which petitioner's counsel stipulated. The thirteen
jurors unanimously found petitioner guilty. On appeal, petitioner
argued that the use of a thirteen-member jury violated Federal Rule
of Criminal Procedure 24(c), that the Rule is not waivable, and
that even if it is, it can only be waived by a defendant personally
and not by counsel. The Court of Appeals held that petitioner,
through his counsel, had waived compliance with Rule 24(c). It
concluded that "[b]ecause the waiver herein was neither prejudicial
nor of constitutional magnitude and was made in the presence of the
defendant in open court, . . . the failure to obtain appellant's
personal assent . . ., [if erroneous,] was harmless beyond a
reasonable doubt." 790 F.2d
208 (CA2 1986). This decision conflicts with United States v.
Virginia Erection Company, 335 F.2d
868, 870 (CA4 1964), which requires a defendant's express and
personal waiver of Rule 24(c), assuming that the Rule can be waived
at all. See also United States v. Chatman, 584
F.2d 1358 (CA4 1978) (explaining Virginia Erection as
establishing a per se rule of plain error in cases where Rule 24(c)
is violated without obtaining a defendant's personal consent);
United States v. Beasley, 464 F.2d
468 (CA10 1972) (holding, in a case not involving an issue of
waiver, that violations of Rule 24(c) are reversible per se, and
approving the result in Virginia Erections ). I would grant
certiorari to resolve this conflict.[ Reed v. United States
479 U.S. 954
(1986) ]
U.S. Supreme Court
REED v. UNITED STATES , 479 U.S. 954 (1986) 479 U.S. 954 John REEDv.
UNITED STATES
No. 86-5211 Supreme Court of the United States November 10, 1986 On petition for writ of certiorari to the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit. The petition for a writ of certiorari is denied. Justice WHITE, dissenting. In this case, the District Court permitted a thirteenth, alternate juror to participate in the jury's deliberations, a procedure to which petitioner's counsel stipulated. The thirteen jurors unanimously found petitioner guilty. On appeal, petitioner argued that the use of a thirteen-member jury violated Federal Rule of Criminal Procedure 24(c), that the Rule is not waivable, and that even if it is, it can only be waived by a defendant personally and not by counsel. The Court of Appeals held that petitioner, through his counsel, had waived compliance with Rule 24(c). It concluded that "[b]ecause the waiver herein was neither prejudicial nor of constitutional magnitude and was made in the presence of the defendant in open court, . . . the failure to obtain appellant's personal assent . . ., [if erroneous,] was harmless beyond a reasonable doubt." 790 F.2d 208 (CA2 1986). This decision conflicts with United States v. Virginia Erection Company, 335 F.2d 868, 870 (CA4 1964), which requires a defendant's express and personal waiver of Rule 24(c), assuming that the Rule can be waived at all. See also United States v. Chatman, 584 F.2d 1358 (CA4 1978) (explaining Virginia Erection as establishing a per se rule of plain error in cases where Rule 24(c) is violated without obtaining a defendant's personal consent); United States v. Beasley, 464 F.2d 468 (CA10 1972) (holding, in a case not involving an issue of waiver, that violations of Rule 24(c) are reversible per se, and approving the result in Virginia Erections ). I would grant certiorari to resolve this conflict.[ Reed v. United States 479 U.S. 954 (1986) ]
