United States v. Wilson, 106 U.S. 620 (1883)
U.S. Supreme Court
United States v. Wilson, 106 U.S. 620 (1883)United States v. Wilson
Decided February 5, 1883
106 U.S. 620
Syllabus
Certificates of indebtedness issued by a person or a corporation are not taxable as "circulation" under sec. 3408 Rev.Stat., unless they were calculated or intended to circulate or to be used as money.
In a foreclosure suit, commenced Oct. 24, 1874, against the Saint Louis and Southeastern Railway Company, the court appointed a receiver to manage the affairs of the company and issue certificates of indebtedness. The order appointing him was modified, Dec. 7, 1874, so as to authorize and allow him
"for the purpose of providing money to make payments on account of the balance of purchase money due the State of Tennessee for the road sold as the Edgefield & Kentucky Railroad, from time to time to issue his certificates, which altogether shall not exceed two hundred and fifty thousand dollars on so much of the road mentioned in the pleadings as lies and is situated in the State of Tennessee, in such general form as may be approved of by complainants, providing for the payment thereof out of any of the moneys as are applicable for that purpose, which certificates shall bear interest at a rate not exceeding
ten percent per annum, and the sums represented by such certificates shall, unless previously discharged, be paid out of any moneys realized upon a foreclosure and sale of the mortgaged property within the jurisdiction of this court equally with any other liability incurred by the receiver in the management of said railroad and the protection of the said property coming into his hands as receiver aforesaid. And it is further ordered that said certificates may be sold below par if necessary so to do."
Certificates in the following form:
"No. 3491] [1874"
"SAINT LOUIS AND SOUTHEASTERN RAILWAY COMPANY"
"Certificate of indebtedness, bond for twenty dollars, to H. W. Gardiner, paymaster, or bearer, payable at the office of the treasurer, Saint Louis, Mo., four months after date, with interest at the rate of ten percent per annum. Good only when countersigned by the paymaster of the company."
"J. F. ALEXANDER, Treasurer"
"I. P. HAINS, Auditor"
"[On margin:] Countersigned:"
"H. W. GARDINER, Paymaster"
"148. $20.00] [Due Dec. 6, 1874"
"Twenty-five percent of freight bills due the company may be paid in these certificates at their face value before maturity thereof."
were, from October, 1873, to November, 1874, issued for labor done and supplies and machinery furnished the company. The receiver accepted them when overdue for freights and debts accruing to the company, or paid them out at their face value with interest.
The United States filed a petition against Wilson, the receiver, praying for leave to intervene, and alleging that the company was indebted to it is an amount assessed by the Commissioner of Internal Revenue on account of circulating certificates of indebtedness, from October, 1873, to May, 1875, and also for the month of May, 1875, and for interest and penalties by reason of Wilson's failure to pay the same on notice and demand. The United States insisted that the amount due
was a prior claim upon the fund in his hands, and that he be directed to pay the same.
The court dismissed the petition, and the United States appealed.
