Upright v. Garman et al, No. 7:2011cv00595 - Document 21 (W.D. Va. 2012)

Court Description: MEMORANDUM OPINION. Signed by Judge James C. Turk on 6/15/2012. (tvt)

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CLERK' OFFI U. DI T. S CE S, S COURT AT ROANOKE, A V FIED L I THE UNI S N TED TATESDI CT COURT STRI J 15 2 1 UN 22 FO R T H E W ESTER N D I STRI T O F V I G I I C R N A RoAxou Dl soN vll J: LU . LR U . D , EK E SH AN E CH RISTI N UPRIG H T, A E CA SE N O .7: V00595 11C Pl ntf ai if, M EM O R AN DU M O PIN ION V S. JOHN S.GARM AN, AL. c , By:Jame C. k s Tur Seni U nied St es Di t etJudge or t at s ri Deendants. f t) Sha Chr s i n U pr g ,a V igi a i a e pr e i pr K ,fl t sci lr g sac i ne ita i ht r ni nm t oc ed ng o ied hi vi i ht ton purua t 42U. C.j1 alegngt tsaeprs ofkil vi ae hi c tt i lrg s s nt o S. 983, l i ha tt ion t as oltd s onsiutona iht r ltdt h sp io j b, i me ia ne d , ndads iln r c ag .Up n rve o te eae o i rs n o h s dc l e s a icpi ay h r e o e iw f h r or t co ts m a iy di m i s t c pl ntf f iur t s a e a a tona e c a m ec d, he ur um rl s s es he om ai or a l e o t t ny c i bl l i unde j1983. r I Uprghtss s i t t c tc itofaj1 f m,as at e nartveof i ' ubmisons o he our onss 983 or c terd rai e n swhi h i r at a at c saeha sco puspe ii a t satm e off c s a ve t c nco por es n ta hed tt bea r tton s he t e nt a t , s a e e toft r i s ht a s r e ofac us to a i ti vi ua def nda s a a sac tt m n he elef oug , e i s c a i ns ga ns ndi d l e nt , nd t k ofm o e t n 25 page ofdoc e t of e e a e bis A fe r e i a lofUprght s r ha 0 s um n s f r d s xhi t . t r evi w ng 1 i ' s i sons t cour haspi c d t t rt f l i s q nc ofe nt on w hi h U pr g ubm s i , he t e e oge he he olow ng e ue e ve s c i ht ba eshi cl i s s s am . Prs no tcasa Aug t Cor cina Ce tr( io f il t usa re to l ne ACC)a sg e Up ih t ap io j bi i s in d rg t o rs n o n M a 2 0 ,nwhc hs o d te icu e wo kn wi a o h rimaet p a efv - aln y 0 9 i ih ij b u is n ld d r ig t n t e n t o lc i eg lo h wae c esi t rcrai ya d.( No.12, 5 Ats poi ,ACC s the t tntr oolr n he e e ton r ECF - p. ) ome nt wic d o e galon cool f t r eaton yar and afert i at who had assit U prghtw ih t l ers or he ecr i d, t he nm e s ed i t he c oe slf ACC i e ry2 0 Uprg tmo e t wae c o esb h ms l.( No. - , . o lr e4 n a l 01 , i h v d he tr o lr y i ef ECF 12 p 6-13, 52 , - p. ) U prghts D r M a s on Apr l7,201 c m pl i ng m ovi t w a erc e sby i aw . r h i 0, o a ni ng he t ool r hi efwa c usnghi t s f rpan.( No.12,p.5) Thedocorasi Uprg t msl s a i m o ufe i ECF t sgned iht o C or Stt C' a not i hi media r c dst tUprghtsilwa e t wor buts d t k aus ' nd ed n s W c l e or ha i tl nt d o k, houl no lf ove 20pounds ( 1 1 p.12) t it r . ECF - , - De pt hswok sausc a e Up ih c niu dp romigh sr ce to y r j b. s ie i r tt h ng , rg t o tn e e fr n i e rain ad o Ontee nngo J n 2, 01 , rg t nu e h sb c whl wo k n a drpo tdti fc t h ve i f u e 2 0 Up ih ij rd i a k ie r i g n e re h s a t o Of i erTol on,who w as s r i i hi .The ne m om i Upr ghtt d Tol o t the ne de fc s upe v s ng m xt ng i ol s n ha e d t g t teme ia u i t ha eh sb c ij r e au td a dTolo a re ta hec udg . o o o h dc l nt o v i a k nu y v lae , n sn ge d h t o l o ( 1 p.1 ,12, 6) Me c safa sdUprg t putieonhi bac a tkepan ECF , 4* - p. dial tf dvie iht o c s k nd a i m e ca i , he al o w r e U prghta m e ca pas t tt m por r l e us d hi f o wor di ton' y s ot t i di l s ha e a iy xc e m r m k, efci J 3- 201 ( 13,p.31 Uprg al st tdurngt perodoft me c fe tve une 8, 0. ECF ) iht lege ha i he i he dial pas,me c lsafGef edt s he e ( iht t bee mi dandte t byt sautr s dia tf t us o c dul Uprg l o xn ne r raed he tt o y phys c a ' t m a ( t di gnos sm e c la s s e r r ng t e f c i nes oft i i n' or o ke s - a pos i di a s es m nt ega di he f e tve s he pr ci dte t nt' ( No.12,p. esrbe rame . ECF ' - 6) OnJ 9,201 Ofie Bli c l Uprghtoutt peror hi wae c er ob.( une 0, fc r ar aled i o f m s tr ool j ECF 11 p. Uprgh s - , 3) i t howedBl rt me ca wokpas t thade r onJme8,201 Bli ai he di l r s ha xpied t 0. ar s ntU prghtt m e c t as f a upda e pa s butw he Uprghtr t ned, t d Bl rt t e i o di al o k or n td s , n i e ur he ol ai ha m e c s a fha t d hi t sgn up f s c c l t be r va ua e Bl i t n t d U pr g t t di al t f d ol m o i or i k a l o ee l t d. a r he ol i ht ha he w oul r ce ve a di c plna y c r i he di notgo t w o k. U pr g t d Bl i t tbec us d e i s i i r ha ge f d o r i ht ol a r ha a e ofhi m edi condii he w as notsuppos t lftm or t 20 pounds,t t cool s s cal ton, ed o i e han hat he er weg dmor t nt tandt thec dnotlf t m wihouti urnghi ef ( 12,p.7) ihe e ha ha, ha oul i4 he t nj i ms l. ECF - Bli t l Up ih t a h wa frdfo h s o o terc e to y r ( 13 p. )a dte ar od rg t h t e s ie r m i j b n h e rain ad ECF - , 28 n h n wr e a di c plna y r por cha gi U prghtw ih r us ng t w or ot s i i r e t r ng i t ef i o k. On J 1 201 H e r ng O fi e H os e l r c nd t a di c plna y he rng. Uprgh une 5, 0, a i t c r t te o uc ed s i i r a i i t a ke t ha hi m e c r co dss m it d f r vi w a t he r ng,t s s d o ve s di al e r ub te or e e t he a i o how t hea i he rng ofi e t tD r M a s ha as i tc r ha . r h d s gned U pr g aw or s a us C a had i ca ed t the s d not i ht k tt nd ndi t ha houl lf m or t n 20 pounds U prghta s r que t d w ines s a e e sf om va i nur e a i4 e ha . i l o e s e t s t t m nt r rous s s bout hi m e c w o k s a usc nge. W ihoutconsde i a oft s i onna i r l t d t U prghts s di al r t t ha t i r ng ny hi nf ton e a e o i ' m e c lc t o t hea i ofi rf di a ondii n, he rng tce ound t tUprghthad f ied t pr enta ha i a l o es ny d c me tto t Bli t a e u e Up ih fo pefr n h s o d te o J n 9 2 0 o u n ain o ar h t xc s d rg t r m romig i j b u is n u e , 01 , f und U prghtguit oft c r ,a i pos a r prm and a t pe ly f t co c i n. o i ly he ha ge nd m ed e i s he na t or he nvi to Thi fndi wasuphedon a a t t wade a t rgi diecor ( 1 1 pp.7- 0) s i ng l ppe l o he r n nd he e onal r t . ECF - , 1 U prghtt n fl d a pe ii f a w rtofha sco pus i t Cic tCour f A ugus a i he ie tton or i bea r n he r ui t or t Co y,se ngt ove t nt dicplnayc ci ( 12, 1.Theclr oft Co t unt e ki o rur he s i i r onviton. ECF - p. ) ek he ur r tm z d Uprgh ' s i s ons t hi wih a l te ,s a i ûl r le w hi yo ha et e i t s ubm s i o m t e t r t tng: t- e i f ch u ve -he r ue t d,t û aus a lr cor oft unl wf Convi ton ofCa e y 1 O f e e 200 t be eq s e o c e l e d he a ul ci t gor 1 f ns o pema ntye r ne l xpunged'fo yourrc ds i no a e s dby awrtofhabe c pus' ( rm e or , s t ddrs e i as or .' ECF 12,p.1 ) I hi c ant( No.1 pp. 3 , i s sJ m S.Gaman,Re onalDiecor n s ompli ECF , 2- ) Uprght ue ol r gi r t; W a de Br xt n'A s i t ntW a de Hola ; r M a s N ur e M e dow s LPN Flnt LPN Roa h; r n a o , ss a r n l r D . r h; s a ; i ; c W or Su r i orBl i 'Ofi rTol on;Ofi rGrzz r Lt Pe e s LtM or ni Sg . ke k pe v s a r tce , s tce i a d; . t r ; a ; t Bur ; M edi a Re or Sec e a y H e pl r a He i Ofi rHos e l r Upr ghtas e t,ge r l c l c ds r t r l e , nd arng tce t te . i s r s ne aly, t tf o A pr l7,201 untlJ 9, 0,he t d a loft def nda st thi m e c lsa us ha r m i 0 i une 201 ol l he e nt ha s di a t t e mptdhi fom doi hi wae c e j be a et c esweg dmo et n20 xe e m r ng s tr oolr ob c us he oolr ihe r ha po nd .Th d fn a t a1alg dyt e tn dta i Up ih rf e t d h sa sg e o , e u s e e e d n s l le e l hrae e h t f rg t eusd o o i s in dj b h w o d r e ve i tt i na c r ,s U prghtale t the dwasf ce t w or ' i he ul ec i ns iuto l ha ges o i l ges ha c or d o k' untl ij rdhms l a dwa t e fleyc ag d frr f igt wo k Up ih as ma e s e ii nu e i ef n s h n as l h r e o eusn o r . rg t lo k s p cfc pes na algai a ns ea hdee nt( No.1 pp.6- 8 ,rltdt t ee n s Att ro l le tons gai t c fnda ECF , 1 ) eae o hes ve t. he e oft co pl n , pr g a s s a esge r ly nd he m ai t U i ht l o t t ne a l me ca sa tdtki awa ( s panme c to Ne ontn. gllwa f c dt di l tre a ng y hij i diain ur i le s ore o tyohe me t tma g mjsc Afe ayea,g )sa tdgetngputba kon r t r ds ha de hi ik. tr r he tre ti c Ne ontn,g lsilg s toubl getngi e na trbenga plove by ur i but tl ha ) r e ti t ve fe i pg r d Ri ond t t i. chm o ake t ( No.1 p.1 ECF , 9) U prghtas e t t tt de e nt 'a tonsvi a ed hi c tt i lr g sr a e t hi i s r s ha he f nda s c i ol t s ons iutona i ht el t d o s j b hsme ia ne d , n h sd s il a yc n ito .Asrl fi t sa to , rg ts e st o , i d c l e s a d i icpi r o v ci n n ei n hi cin Up ih e k o e ha t di c plna y c ge ove t ne t be pr c i d 3600 m g N e ontn f hi pa n; o ve he s i i r har r ur d; o es rbe ur i or s i t h v ap io j b;ob r i u s df rt c s o p oo o isa dme ia c p y ns a dt a e rs n o t e emb re o he o t f h t c pe n dc l o a me t; n o g thi d e sû good tm e bac ' i k. ' 1 1 The c t sr r d t di m i sa a ton orc a m fl d by a pr s ra ns a our i equie o s s ny c i l i ie i one gai t go nm e a e iy o of i e i t c ur de e m i s t a ton or c a m i f i ous m a i ous ver nt l ntt r fc r f he o t t r ne he c i l i s rvol , lci , o f l t saeacli onwhihr le ma bega e 28U. C.j1 5A( () A j1 r ais o tt am c eif y rntd. S. 91 b) 1. 983 pli ifmus esa ih t theha bee de i d ofrg sgua a t d by t Co tt i o lws antf t t bls ha s n prve i ht r n ee he nsiuton r a oft U nied St esa t tt sde i ton r s t d fom c he t at nd ha hi prva i e ule r onduc c m it d by a pe s a tng t om te r on c i u col ofsael W es v. ki ,487U. 4 (988 .TheEiht Ame nder or tt aw. t At ns S. 2 1 ) g h ndme tpr e t n otcs prs r fom c u a unus llvi c tons Rhode v.Cha n,452U. 337( 981. ione s r r el nd ua i ng ondii . s pma S. 1 ) l or rt saeacai i a f rlci la to t plitf sçgj t al ai mus be n de o tt l m n ny edea vi cin,he anif tfacual leg tons t e noug t r iea rghtt r le a vet s c ai lve ,'o onet ti E ausbl on isf e' h o a s i o e if bo he pe ul tve e l't ha s ' pl i e t ac ,' rt rt nmer ydc ei bl.'BelAt. p. Two y,550U. 544,570( ) ahe ha el donc va e' l lCor v. mbl S. 2007 . l t ha noi pe ntc tt i lrg t aprs j a a s h,prs n nmaes ve nde nde onsiutona iht o ion ob, nd s uc io o tcasma g neal tr naea imaefo h s o f ra yra o wih u o fn i fd rl f il y e rly e mi t n n t r m i j b o n e s n t o t fe dng e e a i d prce sprncpls Se ,e. , ge v.Unie SttsBur uofPrs ns 65F. 48(t Ci. ue o s i i e . e c.Bul r td ae ea io , 3d 5h r 1 ) Ani t hasno c tt i l pr e tdpr ryi ees i ke pi a pa tc a 995 . nmae onsiutonaly otce opet ntr t n e ng ny riulr prs o See e. ,Coaklvv. urhy,88 F. 1 8,1 ( h Ci.1 ( di t t ionj b. , c. e M p 4 2d 21 221 9t r 989) hol ng ha i tshavenopr ece pr ryi ees i c tnui i wor r e epr n .Unde t s nmae ot td ope t ntr t n oni ng n k-elas ogrm) r he e pr nc pl s U pr g ha no c tt i lcl i a i ta oft de e nt r ga di t l sof i i e , i ht s ons iutona a m ga ns ny he f nda s e r ng he os h s o o d fn a t' alr t a j s t ewae c oe j brs o sb l iss t a Up ih c ul i j b r e e d n s f i e o d u t h tr o lr o e p n iii e o h t rg t o d u t man anta j bs f l i lg t fh sme ia n e s F rtesmer a o s Up ih as h sno iti h t o aey n ih o i dc l e d . o h a e s n , rg t lo a a t n bl cam f rij n tv rle t o ti a oh rp io j b.Th c u t l s mmaiy ci a e li o n u ci e eif o b an n te rs n o o e o r wil u rl d s s a1 rg tscamsr g r i h sa sg e wokd te o t el s o h s o , u s a t o imis lUp ih ' li e adng i sin d r u is r h o s f i j b p ru n t j1 A() 1,f fitr t saeacai 915 b () or alle o tt l m. B. Top o eac n tt to a cam rltdt a u s f j i c n iin a imaemu t h w r v o siu in l li eae o n n ae al o dto , n n t s s o t a ted fn a to fca a tdwi d lb rt id fee e t t ek e s b e tv l t h th ee d n fiil ce t eieae n ifrnc -ha h n w, u j ciey,he h co ton pr e e a s t talr s ofs r ousha m a ne rhe es f ie t t ke û e s bl ndii es nt d ubsan i i k e i r nd ve t l s a l d o a d a ona e r meaur 't alvit i.Fame v.Brl n,511U. 825,835- ( 994) Plitf mus alo s es'o le ae t r r ema S. 37 1 . anif t s s w, be t l,ha h s fe e as ro p y ia ij r a ars l o t ed fn a ts ho o j ci y t t e u fr d eius h sc ln uy s e ut f h ee d n ' ve dei rt i fernc rc e v. atr,989F. 1 1 1 ( hCi.1 ) lbeae ndif e e.Stiklr W es 2d 375, 380- 381 4t r 993 . O fi al neglgentactons sm pl do notgi r s t any cons iutonalcl m actonabl under f ci s' i i i y ve i e o tt i ai i e j 1 8 , v nwhe a i maes fess meij r a ars l.S e ec.Co ny o S c a nov. 9 3 ee n n n t u fr o nu y s e ut e , . , u t f a rme t Le s 523U. 833,8 ( 998 (d-l Consiuto do notguarnt duec r ont patof wi, S. 49 1 ) kg-he l tt in es a ee ae he r s a e of i i l ;la lt f ne i nty i l c e ha m i c t gorca l be a h t t e hol ' t t fc a s i biiy or glge l nti t d r s a e i ly ne t he hr s d' of c tttonalpr ecins. onsiui ot to ) A pr s of i a ' de i r t i f e e e t a i a e' s r ousm e c ne ds a s i on fci l s lbe a e ndif r nc o n nm t s e i di al e l o vi ae t Ei t Ame olts he ghh ndme .SeeEsel v. mbl 429U. 97,1 ( 976) Ont ot r nt tle Ga e, S. 02 1 . he he ha a c ai conc r ng a m e e di a ee e be w e n a i m a e a m edi lpe s m e nd, l m e ni r s gr m nt t e n n t nd ca r ol l r ga di di e r ng agnos sand c s oftea m e doesno i plc t t Ei ht Am e i our e r t nt t m i a e he g h ndm e . W rRht nt i v Col , 6 F.d8 , 4 ( t Ci. 98 ) Qu sin o me ia j dg n aen t u j c t . lns 7 6 2 41 8 9 4h r 1 5 . e to s f dc lu me t r o s be t o i j cilrviw unde j1 udi a e e r 983.Ruselv.Shefr 5 F. 318( h Ci.1 ) M e ca sl fe , 28 2d 4t r 975 . di l m apr c i orot rne i ntaci r ae t me c lc r do no sa ea f de alcai . l a tce he glge tons eltd o di a a e t tt e r l m Es e l ,429 U . a 1 1 Pr s n pe s m e w ih no m e c e r i e m a r l o t t le S. t 05- 06. i o r ol l t di al xpe ts y e y n he o i ino t eme ia sa fa t teefc o j i c ndto o a i maesp y ia c n i o p no f h dc l tf s o h fe t f al o i ns n n n t ' h sc l o dt n. i i M ite v, r 896F. 848,855( h Ci.1 ) Smihv. ry,985F. 1 1 (t Ci. lir Beon, 2d 4t r 990 ; t Bar 2d 80, 84 4h r 1 93 (fimi die tdveditf prs guadsnoti posto t ç ctmea nguly'wih 9 ) a fr ng r ce r c or ion r n iin o û a ni f l ' t r r t i t sme ca nee ) egad o nmae' di l ds. 1. G e r Cl m s ne al ai U prghtbl m est de enda pr s ofi i l a a g o f r f ii t e ur t tonc i a he f nt i on tc a s s r up o a lng o ns e ha e t doc orc nge hi w or s a usf m edi a r a o ,Upr ghtw a no l rr r d t lf he t ha d s k t t or c l e s ns i s onge equie o it moet a 2 po n s Be a s Up ih h dn c n ttto a rg tt ha eh se sigj bd te r h n 0 u d . c u e rg t a o o si in l i h o v i xitn o uis u a j tdt mac h sn w me ia wo kl tto s h we e, o eo t e ed fn a t vo ae duse o th i e d c l r i ain , o v r n n f h s e e d n s iltd mi hi rght byfii t ma s h aj t nt f hi M orove ,snc Uprghtknew hes d s i s alng o ke uc dusme s or m. e r i e i houl notlf m or t 20 pounds,al oft def it e han 1 he endant r s easonabl coul have beleved t Upri y d i hat ght 6 wo d tkeanynec s r ac i t a i doi s by s ki am e c lwor pas orby ul a es a y ton o vo d ng oee ng di a k s rque tngaj c nge.Thus Uprghtsge r algainsdonotde taet ta e si ob ha , i ' neal le to monsrt ha ny i viua defnda knew t thi o he a tons( fiur t a t wo dc us Uprgh t s fr ndi d l e nt ha s r r ci or al e o c) ul a e i t o ufe ha m , r qui e t s r as e r d o how de i r t i f e e e. Fa m e ,s a. M or ove ,f r as lbe a e ndi f r nc r r upr e r or e ons e a ne bel w , prght s s cii a l ga i ag ns e c def nda a s f i t sa e xpl i d o U i ' pe fc le tons ai t a h e nt l o a l o t t a tona ecli unde j198 ci bl ams r 3. 2. D r M ars . h U prghtalege t tf om A prl7 t J 9, 0, t d D r M a s t tno one w oul i l s ha r i o une 201 he ol . r h ha d be i ve t tU pr gh w a E e c lCo C, butt doc o S d not ng t hel m e' ge t le ha i t s t di a de ' M ' he t r ç di hi o p ' t he d fn a t t ç o ywi (h lp e cie te t n'( No 1 p 9 , p rnl rfrigt ee d n s o û mpl t t e r srb d rame t ECF . , . ) a pae t eern o c h ' y t doc or s or rt tU prghts d notlh m or t n 20 pounds U pr ghtdoesnotaleg t t he t ' de ha i houl i e ha . i l e ha t doc ori nor Upr ght sba k pr bl m s Upr g alege t tDr M a s ls e d t hi he t g ed i ' c o e . i ht l s ha . r h i t ne o s c mpanst a t ewae c olr o h r h sb c c a g dhswo k sau c d t rte tha o li t h t h tr o e j b u t i a k, h n e i r tts o e o el c t t m e c pr e ,a pr ry doc e t d t s a us c nge a or ng t polc t f fli di al obl m nd ope l um n e he t t ha , cc di o i y, hus ulilng hi pr e s ona r po i lt r gar ng Upr g ' m e c ne ds Att spoi , he doc orc d s of s i l es nsbiiy e di i ht s di al e . hi nt t t oul r a o a yh v r l do Up ih t us t d c me tdwo ksau c a et rq e t o t a e s n bl a e ei n rg t o e he o u n e r tt s h ng o e u s aj b h t e di no r quie hi t lf m or t n 20 po d t e r m o i4 e ha unds . Upr gh doesnota l ge f t de ons r tng t tD r M a s ha a pr dur l i t le ac s m ta i ha . r h d ny oce a m e ha s o i pe nta hort t o de prs of i a st cha Upr g ' wor c ni m r nde nde ut iy o r r i on fci l o nge i ht s k a sg me to j b d t s b s dme eyo tewo ksau c a g .Mo e ve, v n i Up ih s in n r o ui , a e r l n h r tts h n e r o r e e f rg t e c ds oul how t tt doc orort nur e f ie t doc en Upr ght sm edi als a uspr ry ha he t he s s a l d o um t i ' c tt ope l unde prs pr e e ,s hne ie ei nots fce t s por aj1983cai ag ns r ion oc dur s uc glg nc s ufiint o up t l m ai t t m.Esel,429U. a 1 - ( 976) Uprg fist de he tle S. t 0506 1 . iht al o monsrt t tDr Ma s a tdwih tae ha . rh ce t de i r t i fer nce t a known r s ofha m r a ed t U pr gh ' w or s a usc ng a lbe a e ndi f e o ny ik r el t o i t s k t t ha e, nd t c t um m a iy di m i s s a 1s h c a m sag ns t doc or puruant oj 1 5 b)1. he our s r l s s e l uc l i ai t he t , s t 91 A( ( )l Uprghtalo f ist s a e a c a m ag ns Dr M a s orany oft o he m e c i s a l o t t ny l i ai t . r h he t r di al de e nt r ga di t c ng i U pr g ' m edi a i Upr g ' a l ga i a f nda s e r ng he ha es n i ht s c ton. i ht s le tons nd s i s ons c ea l i c t t tt doc ora nur e r s ubm s i l ry ndi a e ha he t nd s s e ponded t hi c pl nt a o s om ai s bouthi s me ca ne , ovi dte t ntmo t e isefeci ne s a ma a j t nt a codi di l eds pr de r ame , niord t f tve s , nd de dusme s c r ng t terme ia j d me t W h l Up ih d sg e swi t c u s o te t n h r c ie , i o h i dc l u g n . ie rg t ia re t he o re f r ame t e e ev d h s h ale tonsdo no s lga i t uppor a cai t ta t l m ha nyonea t d wih de i r t i fe enc t hi nee , c e t lbe a e ndif r e o s ds as ne s a y t s a e a a i ce s r o t t n ctonabl c a m unde Es e l .2 The c ts m arl dim i s sU prghts e li r t le our um iy s s e i ' me c toncam, s t j 1 5 b)1. diai li puruant o 91 A( ( ) 3. Def nda s Grzz r Bur M or n,Pe e s a H ola e nt i a d, ke, a t r , nd lr Upr g a l est the t d Of i r Bur M o a a Pe e sf t m o hst the i ht leg ha ol fce s ke, r n, nd t r or wo nt ha wa E ss code C,' ha O f i rG rz r kne t tU prghtno l e ha a cowor t he p hi lf ' t t fce i za d w ha i ong r d ker o l m i4 t he vy c e s t tU pr g t d Of i rBl i t the w asnots he a ool r , ha i ht ol fce a r ha uppos d t lf m or t n 20 e o i t e ha pounds buts di nota k m e c ls af a utUpr g ' w or s a usc nge a t tA s i t nt , he d s di a t f bo i ht s k t t ha , nd ha ss a W a de Hola t e t ne t ti Upr g di no t h u a r n l r hr a e d ha f i ht d t i ut p boutt s ' he w oul ge a di c plna y s hi , ' d t si i r c a g a data se ,o eg o tme a dls hs o ( No 1 p . ,1 - 8 Up i h d e h r e n r n fr ls o d i , n o e ij b. ECF . , p 8 7 1 ) rg t o s 1 Uprghtal o alegesge aly t durng t perod oftm ecover by hi medi wor pas , i s l ner l hat i he i i ed s cal k s none oft de endant f l he f s olowed up on Uprght scondii t deer i whet rt tea mentt y i ' ton o t m ne he he r t he pr crbed wasefectve. Healo com pl nst Nur eFlntr use t gi Uprghta ext i on hi es i f i s ai hat s i ef d o ve i n enson s me c l k p s onJ e9, 0( No.1 p.l ) Uprgh k w t d t o whc t wor pa s dia wor a s un 201 ECF , 1 . i t ne he ae n ih he k s expied,however He doesnotaleget he notfed Flntorany oft i vi def r . l hat ii i he ndi dual endant bef e t s or he wor pas expied t the wassilha ng toubl wih hi back ort the neededt ber k s r ha tl vi r e t s ha o eeval t f a uaed or n ext nson oft w or pas Accor ngl Uprghtf l t s t t any oft de endant knew he e i he k s. di y, i ais o how ha he f s neede t e addii s vi orwasot r s delber t y i fer t a s i m edi need. d hes tonal er ces he wie i a el ndif ent o erous cal 2 U Prghtscom pl ntaboutmedi copaym entchar f l t i i e a consiutonaly i ' ai cal ges ais o mplcat ny tt i l pr ect rght So l asa i at i notdeni medialteam entm e el beca he cannotpay f ot ed i . ong n nm e s ed c r t r y use or t f lcos oft tcar t stt sde son t c gehi apori oft cos i amaterofsat l he ul t ha e, he a e' cii o har m ton hat t s t t e aw, n ta ton bl u rj 1 3.Se Ci o Re e ev. a s c ustsGe r l pia, 3U. 2 9, 5 o ci a e nde 98 e t f v r M sa h et ne a Hos t l46 S. 3 24 v ( 98 ) 1 3. 8 no a l ge t the pr e ed t s ofi e s wih m e c ldoc ent ton ofhi w or s a usc nge t le ha es nt he e t c r t di a um a i s k t t ha ort thefld apr rr uett cha j a sg nt f medialras .M o e r ha ie ope eq s o nge ob s inme s or c e ons r ove, dee nt'algeda c t Uprgh (ha i herf e t dohi asi dj hewo dge a fnda s le dvie o i t t t f eus d o s sgne ob, ul t dicplnayc r )wa asae ntofprs polc no ade s i i r ha ge s ttme ion iy, t monsrtonofi fee et hi tai ndifrnc o s m e c lne . Ea h oft e of i r r a ona y c d havebe i ve t ti Upr ghtkne hi di a eds c hes fce s e s bl oul le d ha f i w s c re to wo l c u eh m p y ia h r Uprg two l tk se st o ti awrte me c l u rn j b ud a s i h sc l am, ih u d a e tp o b an i n dia t e us nott wor ort r que taj c nge.Thus Uprg fist de taet ta of xc e o k o e s ob ha , iht al o monsrt ha ny t e eo fc r k e t t i o h ra to swo l c u eUprg top ysc lyij r hms l h s fie s n w ha h s r e ci n ud a s ih t h ial n u e i ef wo kn aj bt a r q ie hi t l t r weg th nt ed co r c mme d d Up ih ' r ig o h t e ur d m o i mo e ih ta h o tr e o n e . rg ts f ale ton t tt c r c i lofi r f ie t i s i a e hi m edi als a us c nge on t r l ga i ha he or e t ona tce s a l d o nve tg t s c t t ha hei ow n i ta i s a e ,a m os ,a cl i ofne i e e no a cl i ofde i r t i f e e nii tve t t s t t am glg nc , t a m lbe a e ndif r nce aci bl unde j1983. tona e r Fo t sa e r as , i f l t sae a cai t tt s de enda sa t d wih r he t t d e ons Uprght ais o t t ny l m ha he e f nt c e t delbe a e i f e e t hi s r ousm e ca ne dsort t r s t thi m e c lcondii n m a i r t ndi f r nce o s e i di l e o he i k ha s di a to de h sc re t o d n e o sfrhi Al s c camswi bes mmaiyd s se wi o t i u rn j b a g r u o m. l u h li l u rl imis d t u l h prj c purua t j1 5 b)1. eudie, s nt o 9l A( ( ) W he a de e nti l wf l c c e a c i d t pr s he l esa s g fca n f nda s a uly onvi t d nd onfne o i on, os i nii nt i ee ti hi lbe t f t perodoft s ntnc Gatnv.Ta o ,9 F. 340,343(t ntrs n s i ry or he i he e e e. so vlr 46 2d 4h Ci.1 ) Thus onl wheeadicplnaype t dmpos aypiala sg ic thads p r 991 . , y r s i i r naly d es t c nd ini an r hi i on t i a e i r l ton t t or na y i de sofprs n lf ' doe t i a e ha a lbe t he nm t n e a i o he di r nci nt i o ie ' s he nm t ve i r y i eres r rng cons iutonaly m andat due pr nt t equii tt i l ed ocesspr ectons. Sandi v.Cor er 5l5 ot i n m , U. 472,48 ( 995 .Dicplnaymeaur st tmeel lmit i t sprvieg , ope t S. 4 1 ) si i r s e ha r y i t he nmae' i l es pr ry, ora tvii s do notc tt e û t ca a s gnii nt' r hi i r l t o t t or na y c i te onsiut i ypi l nd i fca ' ha ds p n e a i n o he di r a i i n s ofpr s n lf a do notc e t a lbe t i e e t ti e i f de a d pr e s nc de t i o ie nd r a e i ry nt r s , rgg r ng e r l ue oc s prtci 1 ;Be rt v. t 1 F. 500,503( h Ci.1 ( di t tad nitai oe ton. d. veai Smih, 20 3d 4t r 997) hol ng ha mi srtve s g e tonf sx mont wih ve mi hu a wase foode t lt unbea a ehe t c d f e r gai or i hs t r n; m n t ' l d oie; , r bl a ; ol ood; dit cot ng,lne ,a be ng;l nge pe i i c l;no ou sder r ton'no e a i l ry l hi i ns nd ddi o r rods n el t i ec ea i , duc tona o r lgiuss r ce ;a ls f wasnots aypia a t i esgniia hads p) r ei o evi s nd e s ood o t c l s o mpos i fc nt r hi . Ale tonst tpr s n ofi i l vi a e s a e prs pr dur s do no a ountt a l ga i ha i o fc a s ol t d t t i on oce e tm o consiutona vi ai a tonabl unde j 1 3.Rici v.Count ofFarax.Vigi a,9 F. tt i l olton ci e r 98 c o y if r ni 07 2d 1 9,1 ( hCi.1 ( di t twheesaelw grnt mor pr ed a rg st nt 45 469 4t r 990) hol ng ha r tt a a s e oc ur l iht ha he Co tt i n r r ,s a e of i alsvi a i n ofsa e pr e e i no a f de aldue pr es nsiuto equies t t fci ' ol to t t oc dur s t e r oc s is ) sue . Upr gh co pl nst tdoc e a i n ori or aton t nur e pr vi d t t i t m ai ha um nt to nf m i he s s o de o he di ci i r hea i o tc rw asi c ur t ori m pl t 3 t tTol on di no w rt a i i t s plna y rng fi e na c a e nco e e . ha s d t ie n nc den , rpo t b u Uprg ts fe igawo kr ltdij r t h sb c o J ne2 2 0( No. 4 ; e r a o t ih u frn r -eae nu y o i a k n u , 01 ECF 1 ) a t tH e erf ie t pr de U prghtw ih phot pi s ofhi m e c lr c ds i tm e f hi nd ha pl a l d o ovi i t oco e s di a e or n i or m t pr en t m a t heai ( No.1 p.1 ) Uprgh as al est tHeai Ofi e o es t he t he rng ECF , 5 . i t lo leg ha rng tc r H os e l r i fndi Upr ghtg ly ofr usng t w or f ied t a es t f c t tUpr g i t te , n i ng i uit ef i o k, a l o ddr s he a t ha i ht s t e c lCodeC'a unabl t lf mor t n20pounds( No.1 p.1 .a t tW ade t dia M ' nd e o it e ha ECF , 6) nd ha r n , Br xt n a J Ga m a m i ha e U prghts a a ofhi di c plna y co c i a f ied a o nd ohn r n s ndl d i ' ppe l s s i i r nvi ton nd a l t a r s t po tonofhi appe rgadi hi asi me t W or Stt C ( No.1 p. o dd e s he ri s al e r ng s sgn nt o k aus ECF , 3 Specik aly, Uprghtale t Nur eM eadowsde ed t ta çM edi Code C' e sed t l i lges hat s ni ha t cal ' xit ( No.1 p.1 , s Fln t o g 't gvetehe rn ofie do u n ainofUp i tsc a e ECF , 0) Nure it ç r ot o i h a ig fc r c me tto . f ' rgh ' h ng d me c l ks us( No.1 p.11. ndNu s Ro c irid t c ve u altemit k se r ne dia wor ut ECF , )a , re a h l le l o o r p l h sa e veyo t had m ade'by er one l satng t t hearng ofi ert tUprghtwascha ged f hi medi viisi ' r ousy t i o he i tc ha i r or s cal st n J ne201 ,idia igt ttes viisdi n i oleawo k-eae ij l ( No.1 p 1 ) u 0 n c tn ha h e st d otnv v r r ltd n uy ECF , . 2. 7) Uprghtase t t tt defnda s a tonsc usdhi t bewr ulyconvitdoft . i srs ha he e nt' ci a e m o ongf l ce he di c plna y c r e. s i i r ha g Theealgai fi t saea j1 cam.Theonl pe t i e i t s s le tons alo tt ny 983 li y naly mpos d n hi di c plna y pr e ng w a a r pr m a .4 U prgh f ist de ons r t t ts h a pe ly s i i r oc edi s e i nd i t a l o m ta e ha uc na t i pos a ypi lha ds p on hi s ast t i rc tt i m ed t ca r hi m o o rgge ons iutonaldue pr es pr e tonsunde oc s ot c i r Sa n. Thus t a l ged i pe f c i i t pr e a pr t c i pr d i r l to t t ndi , he le m r e tons n he oc dur l o e tons ovi ed n e a i n o he di ci i r c r a t he r ng s a a d i a a s do noti plc t a co tt i ly s plna y ha ge, t he a i t ge nd urng ppe l , m i a e ny ns iutona l pr ece rg ,asrquie t brngaj1 cai c eni t pr edi Anyvi ai of ot td iht e r d o i 983 l m onc r ng he oce ng. oltons VDOC pr e est tdee nt ma ha c mmitdaenota tona eunde j 1 3.Se oc dur ha fnda s y ve o te r ci bl r 98 e W elrv. p' ofSoci Sevies 901F. 387,3 ( hCi.1 . le De t al r c , 2d 92 4t r 990) M or ve ,t he r ng of i r s fnd ng t tUprghtw a guit ofr f i t wor w a eo r he a i fce ' i i ha i s ly e usng o k s ba e s ey on Bl i' ac ountt to J 9, 0,Uprghtdi notpr e he wih a s d oll ar s c ha n une 201 i d es nt r t ny doc nt ton e usng hi fom wor Uprgh a ist thi m e c lwor pas ha e r d ume a i xc i m r k. i t dm t ha s di a k s d xpie t da be or a w asno l he y f e nd onge va i on J 9, 0,a t the r us t w or The e f c s r ld une 201 nd ha ef ed o k. s at a onepr de a bas s f hi c l ovi d i or s onvi ton on t d s plna y c r U pr g ' a gum e sa ci he i ci i r ha ge. i ht s r nt bout t cha i hi m e ca wor sa usha nobea i on t sde e nai Uprg kne t he nge n s di l k tt d rng hi t nni ton. i ht w he da e whe hi w or pas e r d,buthe f ied t t ke a a ton t ha t tpa sext nde t n s k s xpie a l o a ny c i o ve ha s e d 4 I hi compl nt Uprg tde n t û e aI( s g dtmeb c ' Hi alg to a d ai , n s ih ma ds o d t I hi) oo i a k. s le a ins n g ' s ubmi sonsi ca e,howeve ,t t dici i r convi i he chalengesdi notr sul i t l sof s i ndi t r hat he s plna y cton l d e t n he os a ale acc ny r ady rued good conduc tme. To t ext t tUprghtmay nothave be a et e good ti he ent ha i en bl o anz c du ttmea tes mert sn el i hi j b,hi r ca sfc to i is fcin t i iae on c i t h a ae ic osng s o t s e lsiiain s n ufi e t o mplc t c tt i a d pr e spr e to .S eDe a i v. o o 1 F. pp. 31 ,3 ( D. onsi on l ue oc s otcins e Blso J hns n, 28 Su 2d 5 29 E. Va. ut 20 ) a fd,1 F.App' 96 2 W L 7 1 98(t Ci. 01 ( p ih d)(idigt t r ni 00 , f' 3 x , 001 2 3 4 h r 20 ) un ubls e fn n ha Vigi a i esha no pr ec ed lbery i er ti r ai ng i orbei as i nmat ve ot t i t nt es n em ni n ng sgned t apari argood c o tcul onduct al nc lve) l owa e e l. 11 be or t e r ton da e. The c t ils m a iy dim i s a lcl i s r ga di Upr g ' f e he xpia i t our w l um r l s s 1 a m e r ng i ht s dicplnayc ci f rf i t wor purua t j1 5 b)1 . s i i r onviton or eusng o k, s nt o 91 A( ( ) U prghtas e t t the i e il d t c ta nt d c i s r s ha s ntte o our - ppoi e ouns t as i thi i brngi t s el o s s m n i ng hi c vi a ton be a e he hasm e alhe t pr bl m s Onl u re e i na cic s a e do i l ci c us nt alh o e . y nde xc pt o l r um t nc s es t c t e s a a t ne t r pr s n a i ge ,c vi pl i ifw ho hasa c or e cl i , he our r que t n tor y o e e e t n ndi nt i l a ntf ol abl a m bu lc t c pact t pr e i.Gor v.Le ke, 4F.d 11 11 ( hCi.l ) Cook t a ks he a iy o esnt t don e 57 2 47, 73 4t r 978 ; v.Bounds 51 F. 779 ( hCi.1 ) Be a et c theei fndst Uprghthasno , 8 2d 4t r 975 . c us he our r n i hat i c or bl c a m s t c tde eshi m oton f r a poi m en ofc ol a e l i , he our ni s i o p nt t ouns l e. Uprghthasa s fl a m oton f c esofa tona m e ca r or a a m oton f r i l o ied i or opi ddii l di l ec ds nd i o s mmayj d me t5 I lg o tec u tsd t r n to t a Up ih ' s b si n fi t sae u r u g n . n iht f h o r' eemiain h t rg ts u miso s alo tt a cli a tona eunde j1983,hec t nist s pe ngmotonsasmoo. ny am ci bl r t our de e he e ndi i t III Fo t ra o sae t c u t imissUp ih ' c mpan wi u p eu ie r he e s ns ttd,he o r d s se rg ts o li t t t rj dc , ho purua t j 1 5 b)1 ,orf l et saeacai Ana o it or rwile e t sda s nt o 91 A( ( ) f aiur o tt l m. ppr prae de l ntr hi y. The Cl r i di e t t s nd co e oft sm e o a um o ni n a a co pa ng o de t e k s r c ed o e pi s hi m r nd pi o nd c m nyi r r o pl i i f a ntf . ENTER:Thi /5- d ofJ 201 s % ay une, 2. z -N '' r / , Se orUnie St t D i ti J ni t d a es j rct udge 5 Alho hUprg tsylst smoto a s e n s t ug ih t e hi in s e kig ummayj dg ntt emoto a t al s e r u me , h in cu l e ks y d fulj dg n a ans ted f nd n sb c us t e di no a we hi c an .Dee a t a eno i e a t u me t g i t h e e a t e a e h y d t ns r s omplit fnd n s r t n def ul,however becauset acton wasnevers ved on t a t , he i er hem,and i now bei s s ng umm arl dim ise iy s s d f f l et sa ea cl m . or aiur o t t ai 1 2

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