-RSB Breckenridge v. Barksdale, No. 7:2011cv00487 - Document 28 (W.D. Va. 2012)
Court Description: MEMORANDUM OPINION. Signed by Judge James C. Turk on 7/9/2012. (tvt)
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cLE- sA CE U-S DI X URT OFFI SX TROANOKE,VA FI LED J 2 21 Ut 22 I TH E UN I N TED STATES DI STR I C O U R T CT FO R TH E W ESTERN DI STRI O F VI G I A CT R NI R O AN O K E D I ISIO N V WI LLIA M F.BR ECK EN RID G E, BY; V ' ' CA SE N O .7: 11CV 00487 Pett oner, ii M EM O M N D U M O PI I N N O V S. EAR L R .BA R K SDA LE , A R DEN , W By: Jam e C.Tur s k Seni Uni St esD i ri Judge or ted at st ct R espondent. Pe ii rW ila F. ec m i ttone li m Br ke dge,a Vi gi a i a e pr e di pr K ,f l d t s r ni nm t oc e ng o ie hi . peii f awrtofha sc pus purua t 28U. C.j225 c le nghi confne nt tton or i bea or , s nt o S. 4, halngi s i me on c c i f rbur a y a lr ny. Afe r viw oft r c d,t c tg a st onvitons o glr nd a ce tr e e he e or he our r nt he r ponde ' m o i n t di m i sa di m i s Br c nrdg spe ii aspr dur ly ba r d a es nt s t o o s s nd s s es e ke i e' tton oce a l r e nd untm el fl i y ied. l aj r til nAug t1 , 0 7 W il m F. e ke rd ewa c n it di t Cic i n u y ra o us 6 2 0 , li a Brc n ig s o v ce n he r ut Cou tofA l a l Count oft e cou s o sa u or b g a y, hr e coun s ofgr nd l r ny, r bem r e y hr e nt f t t t y ur l r t e t a a ce ando c ofpei lr ny,t r o s e ntofns ( s Nos 1 447;1 448.1 449; ne ount tt ace hid r ubs que fe e Ca e . 9, 9, , 9, 1 ,5 .1 , ;1 ,0 ; n 1 ,0 ) Th j r as rc mme d dt a Br c e rd eb 94 0 9451 96 5 a d 96 6 . e u y lo e o n e h t e k n i g e , sntnc dt at a tr of22yeasi prs a t co t e e j e e e o otl em r n ion, nd he ur entr d udgmentagans hi on it m Se e be 28, pt m r 2007,i pos ng t ts nt nc m i ha e e e. Br c mi a e ke dge ppea ed hi convi tonst t Cour ofAppe l ofV i g ni a g ng t t l s c i o he t as r i a, r ui ha t c t redi de nghi moi t srket pr pe tvej o s i rj ci hi Bas n he our er n nyi s ton o ti wo os ci ur r 'n ee tng s to , ob e to t t Co j cin o he mmonwe t spee t ysrkeofa herj or andi pemitngBra alh' rmpor ti not ur ' n r ti in , Tur t t tf t evi ner o esi y o dence ofot crm es.The CourtofA ppeal deni t petton;a t eeher i s ed he ii hr j g pa e d nidt ep tto a do Au u t1 , 00 ,heS p e Co r o Vignar f e ud e n l e e h eiin; n n g s 8 2 9 t u r me u t f r ii eus d Brcke rdge' a lt t tc t ( or No. e n i s ppea o ha our. Rec d 090834. ) Br e nr dge t l d ape ii n f aw rtofha s c pus i t Cic tCot ' of e ke i i e tt o or i bea or n he r ui ut Al m a l Count o Jme9,201 TheCicui Cour c tue t pe ii a t f l ng be re y n t 0. r t t onsr d he tton s he olowi gr undsf r le . o or e if a . Co n e p o i e ief ci ea ssa c i fii t o j c t te u s l r v d d n fe tv sitn e n al o be t o h ng ito u to o peiin rspro ci n l itr i fo to tej r nr d cin f t o e ' ir rmi a h soy n r n f h u y; t b. Co elpr de i f ec i a s sa i f ii t m a a r ques/ de uns ovi d ne f tve s i t nce n a lng o ke e tor r f pr pa a i oft pr lm i r he r ng t a c i ; or e r ton he e i na y a i r ns rpt Couns pr de i f ec i a s sa i f ii t fl t pr i i r el ovi d ne f tve s i t nce n a lng o ie he elm na y he rng t a c i t a i r ns r p ' , Co elpr ded i f ec i a ss a e i f ii t i s i t t r nt l uns ovi ne f tve s i t nc n a lng o nve tga e he e a of a ho e r t l oom by Com m o e t sw ine sBra Tur r nw alh' t s i n ne ; C. Co el o ded i f e tve as i t nc by w ih di f om pe ii ne uns pr vi ne f c i ss a e t hol ng r tto r a fo tej r tefleDNA ts tk nb tearsi d t cie P i nd r m h u y h as e t a e y h retng ee t , h l v G ies; l Couns lpr vi i f e tve a ss a e by f ii t r ues a DN A e o ded ne f c i s it nc a lng o eq t expert and ; g. Couns lpr vi d i f e tve as i t nc w he pe ii rt d co elt y e o de ne f c i ssa e n ttone ol uns he ha a c lc ofi er s a c d onf i t nt e t nd ouns r f e t s e down untlpe ii r el e us d o t p i ttone wa f s ound guit , ttone t n hied CharesW e r Es r ly' ii r he r pe l be , quie. By o de e e e D e e be 1 201 t Cic tCo tdim i s d a lofBr c rr dge' c ai s r r nt r d c m r , 0, he r ui ur s s e l e ke l i s l m u rStiklndv.W as ngon,466U. 668,687( 98 . nde rc a hi l S. 1 4) Br ke i t n s it d a pe ii f ra w rtofha a c pus t t Cour of ec m dge he ubm te tton o i be s or o he t A ppea s o V igi a. By or re e e Fe ua y 22,20l1 t Cour ofA ppea st a f r e t l f r ni de nt r d br r , he t l r ns e r d he peii t t SuprmeCour ofVigi a, i t tiwa wihout urs ci t co i r tton o he e t r ni notng ha t s t j iditon o nsde Br ke dge' peii unde Va. ec mi s tton r CodeAnn. 8. - 1.( or No. 9- 0- ) On j 01677. Rec d 271 1 2. Febr y 25,2011,t Supr e Cour ofVi gi a gr ed Br uar he em t r ni ant eckemidge 30 dayst fl a petton o ie ii f ra p a fo t j d me t t eCic iCo r o Al e reCo ny.OnM a 2 , 01 ,h o p e l r m he u g n of h r ut u t f b mal u t y 0 2 1te Supr m e Cour ofVi gi a di m i s d t a a upo fndi t tBr c nrdge had notpr pery e t r ni s s e he ppe l n i ng ha e ke i o l pe f t d t a albec us hi pe ii di no c a n a s gnm e sofer ora r quie by Su r ec e he ppe a e s tton d t ont i s i nt r s e rd p. CtRul 5:7 c( )i.( c r No 1 0 9 . Br c e d efldmoinst tt Co r . e 1 ()1() Re od . 1 8 9) e k mi g ie to ha he u t c t u d aspe ii f r he r ng,butt Supr m e Co tofVi gi a de e t e pe ii on ons r e ttons or e a i he e ur r ni ni d hes ttons A ug t15 a Se e be 21, 1. us nd pt m r 201 Br ke i sgneda dae hi j225 peiin o Se e r30,2011 Hi peiin ec nrdge i nd td s 4 tto n ptmbe . s tto a l gest f l i cl i s f r le : le he olow ng a m or e i f Co elpr de i f e i a ss a i f ii t r que ta c i nc uns ovi d ne f ctve s i t nce n a lng o e s ontnua e a t pr lmi r he rngt fnd ou why Bra Tur rr f e t t tf , t he e i na y a i o i t i n ne e us d o esiy' Co elpr ded i f ec i a s sa i f ii t i tga e Bra uns ovi ne f tve s i t nce n a lng o nvesi t i n Tur r s c ai t the r nt a ho e r ne ' l m ha e ed t l oom on t ni oft crm e' he ght he i , Co nsl o ie i efciea ssa c i fiigt o j c t te u e pr vd d n fe tv sitn e n aln o b e t o h itoduci ofpeii rspro co ctonsi fontoft j y; nr ton ttone ' ir nvi i n r he ur 4. Couns lpr vi d i f e tve as it nc i f ii t i r e o de ne f c i s s a e n a lng o nt oduc a 1 b r po t e a e r s howi t tfng prnt f ndatt c i s e di notma c ng ha i er i s ou he rme c ne d th pettoner' ii s. Couns lpr vi d i f e tve as it nc i flng t c l N i e Tur ra a e o de ne f c i s s a e n ii o a l col ne s w iness; t Couns lpr de i f e tve as i t nc i f ii t r or t pr i i r e ovi d ne f c i s s a e n a lng o ec d he elm na y heari , ng' Couns lpr vi d i f e tve as it nc i f ii t f l a m oton t e o de ne f c i s s a e n a lng o ie i o c l halenget Comm o alh' e r wines ; he nwe t s xpe t t s 8. Couns lpr vi di fe tveasitnc i f lngt ob e tt t no til e o de nefci ssa e n aii o j c o he n-ra t s i o ofDa r lCa pbe l e tm ny r el m l; 9. Couns lpr de i f c i a s s a e w he pe ii ne notte hi a t e ovi d nef e tve s it nc n tto r ii d m t he def e t e t tTi ot M or i convi ed hi i 1987. ens abl ha m hy rs d m n , 1 0. Couns lpr de i f ci asitnc i f lngt obec t Bra e ovi d nefe tve ssa e n aii o j t o in Tur s t alt tm ony;and ner' ri esi Couns lpr de i f e tve a s s a e i f lng t hel hi c i ntw ih a e ovi d ne f c i s it nc n aii o p s le t pl deal ea . Ther s e ponden f l d a m oton t di m i s Br c nrdg spe ii n a pr e a l de a t d a t ie i o s s e ke i e' tto s oc dur ly f ule nd untm e y. l r s ns t t m oton,Br c nr dg ha s it hundr ds ofpage ofa to l i l n e po e o he i e ke i e s ubm ted e s ddii na agume sc er nghi cli f r i ( Nos 21 23,& 27) whiht cou tha r nt onc ni s ams or elef ECF . , , c he r s ca e uly r vi w e r f l e e d. A. Pr dur lDe a t oce a f ul ç f de alc tm a no gr nta wrtofha a c pust pe ii ri sat c t i e r our y t a A i be s or o ttone n t e usody unl st pe ii rhasf r te used hi s a e r m e e by pr s ntng hi c a m st t hi s es he ttone is xha t s t t e di s ee i s l i o he ghe t saec t' Ba rv.Cor r n,220F.d276,288(t Ci. tt our. ke ' co a 3 4h r 2000) Se O' lva v. rkel . e Suli n Boec , 526U. 838,842( 999) l peiine fie t e us saec trmedi a woul now be S. 1 . f tto r ald o xha t tt our e es nd d ba r d fom doi s unde a i pe nta a quae sael w gr md,hi f de alve son of re r ng o r n nde nde nd de t t t a ot s e r ri t ha scl i i ba r d f om r vi w on t m e is a e ta s i ofca e a a t l he bea a m s r e r e e he r t , bs n how ng us nd c ua prj dc , ras o n o amic rig o j sie Te g ev La e 48 U. 28 , 98( 9 9 ; eu ie o h wig f s ara e f u t . a u . n , 9 S. 8 2 1 8 ) c Bas tev. set Thomps 9l F. 9 935- (t Ci.1 . on, 5 2d 32, 37 4h r 990) Br ke dg ha ne rpr s e t t Su e e Cour ofV igi a Cl i s 5,9, nd 11 ec mi e s ve e ent d o he pr m t r ni a m a a al di hi c r j225 peii Thus Brc i di no e s lege n s urent 4 tton. , e kenrdge d t xhaus hi saec ur t s tt o t r e e ast t s cl i s l i c e rt i Br c mi r i ed t e c a m s now i a s a e em di s o he e a m . t s l a hat f e ke dge a s hes l i n tt ha a pe ii s a e co tr vi w oft e cl i sw oul bepr ed aly ba r d unde V igi a s be s tton, t t ur e e hes a m d oc ur l r e r r ni ' saueoflmiai a s c svepeii ba.SeeVa.Cod Ann.jj8. - 4( ( a ttt i ttons nd uc esi ttons r e 0165 A)2) nd 8016 4b ( . Gi n t sf ct t i c u tsp e ld dfo g a tn j2 4r l f ne s . - 5 ()2)1 ve hi a , hs o r i rcu e r m rni g 25 ei u ls e Brc mi s e ke dge howsc ef hi dea ta rs tngprj c oramic rigeofj tc aus or s ful nd e uli eudie s ara usie. Tea ue,489 U . a 298- B a s te, 5 F. a 936c S. t 99; s e t 91 2d t 37. Br ke dger ied c am s 1 2, 4,6,7,8,a 10i hi saeha aspe ii i t ec mi a s l i , 3, nd n s t t be tton n he Cic tCour ofAl m a l Count butf ie t pr e t s c am s pr ry t t Sup e r ui t be re y, a ld o es nt he e l i ope l o he r me Cour ofVigi a. Tha co tdimis d Br c nrdg sha sa a be us hef ld t t r ni t ur s s e e ke i e' bea ppe l ca e aie o i udea sgn nt ofe r i t peii a rquiedbySup.Ct Rul 5:7c ()i.Be a e ncl si me s ror n he tton s e r . e 1 () 1() c us t e cl i sa e t pr edur ly de a t d unde a i pe ntand a qua e s a e l w r l hes a m r hus oc a l f ule r n nde nde de t t t a u e, 2 te t y a e a s pr ed a l ba r f om r e i f de alc t See W hil y v. Ba r 8 F. he r l o oc ur ly r ed r evi w n e r our . i, 02 2d 1 1 0 ( h Ci.1 (i ngt tfiur t pr rypefc a lt t SuprmeCo t 487, 50 4t r 986) fndi ha al e o ope l re t ppea o he e ur ofVigi apr ed al ba sfde a ha sr e ofcli r sdonl i t Cic tCou t. r ni oc ur ly r e r l bea eviw ams aie y n he rui r) Br ke dgewoul as bepr e al bardunde j8. - A)2)a j8. - b)2) ec mi d lo oc durly re r 01654( ( nd 01654( ( f o r s ng t c ai s now i a s co sa e ha spe ii s nc s h a pe ii w oul be r m ai i he l m n e nd, t t bea tton, i e uc tton d b0hu tmeya ds c e sv .Th , ne sBr c e rd es o c u ea dp eu ie o a t n i l n u c s ie us u ls e k n ig h ws a s n rj d c , r mic rig o j tc ,he ecamsaeb re fo fd r l a e srve s ara e f usie t s li r ard r m e e a h b a e iw. 1Th Fou t Cic th sr c nie t es c e svep tto ba i j8. - 54 B)2 a a e rh rui a e og z d h u c s i e iin r n 016 ( ( ) s n adequae and i t ndependentsat l gr t e aw ound bari f alhabeasr vi See,e. ,Popev. eherand, rng eder e ew. g. N t l l 3F. 1 6 1 2( t Ci.1 97 ;Gryv. te ln 9 F. 1 8,1 3( t Ci.1 96 . Uni d 1 3d 3 4, 37 4h r 9 ) a Neh ra d, 9 3d 5 6 4 h r 9 ) The t e St t Supr Cour hashel t ta sat sa ut oflm iatonsmay bean i pendentand a aes eme t d ha t e t t e i t i nde dequae sat t te lw g ou d b ri f d r l b sr ve a j8. 165 A)2 i s c asaue.S eW ake v. ri a r n a rng e e a ha ea e iw, nd 0 - 4( ( ) s u h tt t e l r Ma tn, 1 1S. 1 20 l 3 31( 01l; ev. o s n, viAcinNo. l 3 Ct 1 , 1 0- 2 ) Le J hn o Ci l to 2:0CV00l 2, 0U. Dit LEXI 2 201 S. s. S 1 7 1 a * - 0( D. J y 28 201 )( po ta dRe o n ton , do t db or e , 0U. 06 3 , t 9 1 E. Va. ul , 0 Re r n c mme dai ) a p e y d r 201 S. Dit LEXI 1 72 ( D. Oc. 201 .Se as S ro v. r cor 4 F. pp. d 5 4,5 - 8 s. S 06 6 E. Va. t 5, 0) e lo par w Die t , 39 Su 2 8 87 8 ( D. . 06 (i n cai smula o l e ha tda d d fule i fdea h be sb c u ecai E. Va 20 ) fndig l ms i tne usy x use n e a td n e rl a a e a s l ms notpr ent i sat cour woul now betm ebared by ade e and i es ed n t e t d i r quat ndependentde aul ofVa.Code f t Ann. 8. - 4( ( ) . j 0l65 A)2 ) Se M uelrv. eo ,1 lF. 55 ,5 2- 4( hCi.1 9)(idi û s inme tofer s' e le Anz lne 8 3d 7 8 8 4t r 99 fn ng t sg n ror' a r q r me i Rul 5:7 c t bea i e e de ta da e aesaeIw g ou b rigf dea ha e s e uie nt n e 1 ( ) o n nd p n n n d qu t tt a r nd a rn e r l b a r le Yeat v. eo ,1 F.d 2 , 4( t Ci.1 9)(a ) eig; ts Ang lne 66 3 55 26 4 h r 99 s me . Br c e kenrdge f ist de o tat ca e f a o hi pr ed a de a t . He a s f is i a l o m nsr e us or ny f s oc ur l f uls lo al t s amicarageofj tc s ast cic nthi d a t byt tr e.Themic ri e o how s ri usie o o rumve s efuls ha out s arag of usiee e i t pr durldea tha be nnar ydei t rquieacol a ecam j tc xc pton o oce a ful s e rowl fned o e r orbl li t a ij r r h dr c ie s e i c r l bl e d n en t r sn e a tiltt smo el l t a h t f u o s a e ev d p ct , ei e vie c o p e e td t ra,d i r i y h n i a i ke n t h t r a o bej r rwo dh v c n ce 't ed f n a t ft u d ryigci . S e o t a no e s na l u o ul a e o vitd'h ee d n o he n el n rme e Bouse v.Unie Stts 523U. 61 623( 998 (ii Sc upv. l 51 U. 298,326lv td ae , S. 4, 1 ) ctng hl Deo, 3 S. 27( 995).Brc dgema nos hs ng. Ac or ngl t c twilg a tt moi 1 ) e kemi kes uc howi c di y,he our l r n he ton t di m i shi pe ii on t g ound t thi c a m s a e pr e a l ba r d fom f de al be o s s s tton he r ha s l i r oc dur ly r e r e r ha as r ew oft m er t evi he is. B. St ut ofLi iatons at e mt i Ha e speiinsfldu d rj2 4aes be tt ao - e rpeido lmiain 2 b a t o ie n e 25 r u jc o ney a ro f i tto . 8 t U. C. 2 4 () 1.Ge eal t sp ro b gn t nl fo ted t o wh c tej d me t S. 1 2 4 d () n r l hi e id e is o n r m h ae n ih h u g n y, ofc c i be m estnalafe t pettone ha e us e hi oppor unii s t s e diec onvi ton co i t r he ii r s xha t d s t te o e k r t rviw. Se 28U. C.j2244( ( )A)3 U nder28 U S. j2244()2 ,heone- a flng ee e S. d)1( . C. d () t ye r ii . 3 Unde j2244( () t oneyea pei oflmiai f flngaha aspeii unde r d)1 ,he - r rod i tton or ii be tton r j2254begnst nm ont lts off daes i o he aet our t : ( t daeo whiht j A) he t n c he udgme bec mefna byt c usonofdiec nt a i l he oncl i r t r vi w o t expia i o t tm e f s ki s r e ' e e r he r ton f he i or ee ng uch evi w , ( t daeonwhiht i di tt tlnga a iai ceaedbyStt B) he t c he mpe men o ii n pplc ton r t ae a i i vi a i oft Consiu i n orl ws oft Unie St t i r ove i d on n ol ton he tt t o a he t d a es s em d, f t a i a waspr ve e f o flng by s h St t a ton' he pplc nt e nt d r m ii uc a e c i , ( t daeon whiht c tttonalrgh a sre wa i talyr og ze by C) he t c he onsiui i t se td s nii l ec ni d t Suprem e Court i t rghthasbeen newl r he , f he i y ecogni by t Supr e Cour zed he em t and m ade r r i y applcabl t cas on colat r ew ;or et oactvel i e o es l eral evi ( t daeonwhiht f t lprdiaeoft cli orcai pr e e c d D) he t c he acua e c t he am l ms esntd oul have been di cover t s ed hrough t exerci ofdue dii he se lgence. 6 pe i i t l whie an i a e' f opery fl d a i ton f St t pos r od s oled l nm t s s pr l ie pplca i or a e tconvi ton oro he ci t r colat alrevi ' i ûpendi ' l er ew ' s û ng.' Thec tc l fom t r or t tBrc nrdgedi no tl hi j225 peii our oncudes r he ec d ha e ke i d t ie s 4 tton wi nteo ey a fl gp ro p e cie b j2 4 ( Th S p e Co r o Vig na t h n -e r ii e id rs rb d y 2 4 *. e u rme u t f r i i hi n r us d Br c nrdg sdie ta ef e e ke i e' r c ppea on Aug t18, l us 2009,a 90 da lt r on Nove r1 nd ys a e , mbe 6, 2009,hi c ci bec mefna unde j2244( ( )A)whe t tmef hi t fl apeiin s onviton a i l r d)1( n he i or m o ie tto ri f a w rtofcertorar i t U nied St es Supr e Courtexpied. See H a r sv. Hut ns or i i i n he t at em r 4 chi on, 209F. 3 328n.1( hCi. 3d 25, 4t r 2000) .Theone- rtlngperodbega onNove r1 2009, yea ii i n mbe 6, a r n untlJ 9,201 w he Br ke i e fl d hi s a eha aspe ii a t t l t nd a i une 0, n ec nrdg ie s t t be tton nd hus oled he f de alflng pe i a t r 205 da ha e a ed. Onc t Cic tCour ofA l a l Coun y e r ii rod fe ys d l ps e he r ui t bem r e t di m i s d Br c nr dge' pe ii on D e e ber1, 0,hi f de a f lng pe i be n r ng s s e e ke i s tton cm 201 s e r l ii r od ga unni a i ande r onMa 1 2011 Br c nrdgedi no sgna daehi j225 peiin u i gan xpied y 0, . e ke i d t i nd t s 4 tto ntl Se e r30, 1 mor t nf mont t lt l rj2244( ( )A) ptmbe 201 , e ha our hs oo ae mde d)1( . Be us Br ke i f ie t pe f c hi ha s a pe lpr pe l i t Supr m e Cou t ca e ec m dge a l d o r e t s bea p a o r y n he e r ofVigi a t pe nc oft ta aldi nott lt lmiai pei unde j2244( ( . r ni,he nde y ha ppe d ol he i tton rod r d)2) N otonl di Br c y d e kemi i pr r y fl hi a a i t Cour ofA ppea s ofVi gi a, he dge m ope l ie s ppe l n he t l r ni but a s f ie t i l a s g e sof e r asr uied i a Supr m e Cour ofV igi a a l o a l d o nc ude s i nm nt ror eq r n e t r ni ppea l peii purua t Rul 5:7()1() Se Aruzv. nnet 531U. 4,8( tton, s nt o e 1 c( )i. e t Be t, S. 2000)($AnJ i( a plc i i t operyfld'(orpur e o t lngunde j2244( ( )whe isdei r a p iaton s pr l ie f pos s f oli r d)2) n t lvey nd accept ance ar i com plance w ih t applcabl l s and r es gover ng t i ' w hi en i t he i e aw ul ni ilngsn' ch i l t t e ci e ... om oft doc ncudes he t s rbegdj f r pr he umen (ndlt cour a ofiei whihimus t a he t nd fc n c t t bel d....';Chrsin v.Bake il,232F.Supp.2d605,6 ( D. 2001 (i ngt t odge ' ) ita s nr e l 07 E. Va. ) tndi ha 4 Se Rul oft Supr eCourtoft Unied St es Rue 1 ( )(i t fl p tto f wrt em he t at , l 3 1 tme o ie eiin or i e es he o c ri a ie r 90d ysa tre tyoffn l u me b hihetsaec r) f e t r xpies a fe nr ia j dg nt y g s tt ou t. or ha asa be ppea di m i s on s a e pr e a gr ndsf o itng as i e sofe r w a not l s s ed t t oc dur l ou or m ti sgnm nt r or s prpel tlda di no t lfdea lmiai pei ) Br ke i eas do notalgea o ry ie nd d t ol e rl i ttons rod . ec nrdg lo es le ny gr ndson whih hi f de alflng pe i co dbec l a e unde a o he s e ton of ou c s e r ii rod ul acult d r ny t r ubs c i j2244( ( ) Thus t co tc ude t tBr ke i f l t fl hi j2254peii d)1 . ,he ur oncl s ha ec nrdge aied o ie s tton wihi oneyea a trhi c ci be a tnala r uie unde j22444 tn r fe s onviton c me i , s eq rd r *. An ot r s tm e ba r peii rm a pr e ilm e t e t bl t lng oft he wie i - red ttone y ove ntte nt o quia e oli he flngpe i i hede nsr t ( )hepurue hi rghsdii nty'a ( s e r r i r ii rod,f mo taes 1 s d s i t lge l , nd 2) ome xtao dnay c r um s a e pr nt d hi f om tm e y flng hi ha aspe ii See H ola v.Fl i ,1 ic t nc eve e m r i l ii s be tton. l nd orda 30 S.Ct25 256 ( ) ec nrdgealge t thi untmel flngs dbee usd . 49, 2 2010 .Br ke i le s ha s i y ii houl xc e be a e he hasltl knowl dge oft 1 w a e r ous y be i ved t thi c c i w a not c us ite e he a nd r one l le ha s onvi ton s tna asl ashe ha a pos i l ong d tconvi ton pr e di ye a ia e i sa e cour . A n i a e' pr ci oc e ng t va l bl n t t t nm t s o K sau a in rn eo telw aeno s fi in go n st j tf e utb et lig b c u e tt s nd g o a c f h a r t u tce t r u d o usiy q ia l o l , e a s n . t eaenotfcor outi t i t sco r .Unie Sttsv. a,36 F. 507,51 ( h hes r a t s sde he nmae' ntol td ae Sos 4 3d 2 4t Ci. 04) M orove ,j2244( ()A)ce rysae t tt flngpei t omme esont r 20 . e r d)1 ( lal tts ha he ii rod t c nc he t ncl i ofdie tr vi w . Thi l ngua doe no c rbut t a m i und s a ng t t co us on rc e e ' s a ge s t onti e o s er t ndi ha w oul ha t tm e com m e e o t ( onc us o of St t pos - onvi to pr e di . d ve he i nc n he c l i n a e tc c i n oc e ngs' ' H a rs 209 F. a 331. ri, 3d t Br c m i a s a s t t ti t k hi m on hst o a n t pr i i r hea i e ke dge l o s ers ha t oo m t o bt i he elm na y rng t a c i a t the ha i ufi e a ce st t pr s l lbr r f s ve a m on hs i 2009. r ns rpt nd ha d ns tci nt c s o he ion aw i a y or e r l t n Thes pr e s oc ur e whe Br c nrdge w a pr parng hi s a e ha s c puspe ii e obl m c rd n e ke i s e i s t t bea or tton, ho r Hefist s w how t yprventdhi fo flngatmey/d rf ha aspeiini weve. al o ho he e e m r m ii i l #c t be tto n 2011. The courtt cannotfnd t Breckenr dge hasdem ons r ed gr hus i hat i t at ounds f equiabl or t y 8 t lng oft lm ia i pe i i hi c e. A c or ngl t c t ilg antt m oton t oli he i t tons r od n s as c di y, he our w l r he i o dimishi peii asuntmel unde j2244( s s s tton i y r *. A ferc r ulr vi w ofa 1Br c m i s s i s ons t cour c ude t tt t a ef e e l e ke dge' ubm s i , he t oncl s ha he m oto t di m i sm us be gr nt be a e t pe ii r s c ai s a e pr e laly def ule in o s s t a ed c us he ttone ' l m r oc dtr l a t d, p tto e fi dt fl h speiinwi i t etmelmisma d t db j2 4 *, n hefist ei n r al o ie i t o t n h i i t n ae y 2 44 a d al o i e t h de onsr t t te t bl t lng i w a r nt d.An a opra e or w ile e t s da m ta e ha quia e oli s r a e ppr i t der l nt r hi y. Pe ii ri a s d t the m ay a a t s de i i pur ua t Rul 3 a 4 oft ttone s dvi e ha ppe l hi c son, s nt o es nd he Fedea RulsofAppel ePr dur,i aj oft UniedSt esCour ofAppeasf t rl e lat oce e f udge he t at t l or he FourhCic tort sc tis sac rii t ofa lbiiy, s ntt 28U. C.j225 . t rui hi our s ue e ttcae ppeaa lt purua o S. 3/) A c r ii t ofa e tfca e ppea a lt m ay i s onl i t a i a ha m a a s t nta s i of l biiy s ue y f he pplc nt s de ubs a i l how ng t de a ofaco tt i rght j2253()1 . Theco tfndst tpeii rha fie t he nil nsiutonal i . c () ur i ha ttone s ald o d ons r t $ s t ntals w i oft de alofa c tt i lrght'a t r f e t em t a e t ubs a i ho ng he ni a ons iutona i ' nd he e or , he c ur de lne t is a c rikaeo a aa lt purua t Rul 22( oft Fe rlRuls o t ci s o sue ny e tt t f ppe lbiiy s nt o e b) he dea e ofAppelt Pr dur SeeM ilrElv. krl,537U. 322 ( lae oce e. le- Coc el S. 2003) I peiine i e t . f tto r ntnds o a a a s ek a ce tfc t ofa a a lt f om t U nied St t Cour ofAppea sf t ppe l nd e ri i a e ppe l biiy r he t a es t l or he Fourh Cic t hi f r ts e i t fl a no i ofa a w ih t sc t ihi 30 da oft da e t r ui, s i s t p s o ie tce ppe l t hi our w t n ys he t ofe r oft s m e or ndum opi on a t a om pa ng or r orw ihi s h e e d nt y hi m a ni nd he cc nyi de , t n uc xt nde pe i a t co tma grntpurua t Rul 4()5) rod s he ur y a s nt o e a( . The Cl r i die t d t s nd c e of t s m e or ndum o ni a a o pa ng ek s rce o e opi s hi m a pi on nd cc m nyi or rt pettone a t co elofr c d f t r ponde . de o ii r nd o uns e or or he es nt i * E E T s ( dyo Jl,02 NT R: h ' a fuy2 1. j ? / , Se m 9 nied St esD i r c Judge t at sti
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